Nanosynthesis by atmospheric arc discharges excited with pulsed-DC power: a review

Corbella, Carles; Portal, Sabine; Kundrapu, Madhusudhan N.; Keidar, Michael

doi:10.1088/1361-6528/ac6bad

Title: Nanosynthesis by atmospheric arc discharges excited with pulsed-DC power: a review

Journal Article · Tue May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Nanotechnology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac6bad· OSTI ID:1979299

^[1]; Portal, Sabine ^[1]; Kundrapu, Madhusudhan N. ^[2]; Keidar, Michael ^[1]

George Washington University, Washington, DC (United States)
Tech-X Corporation, Boulder, CO (United States)

Plasma technology is actively used for nanoparticle synthesis and modification. All plasma techniques share the ambition of providing high quality, nanostructured materials with full control over their crystalline state and functional properties. Pulsed-DC physical/chemical vapour deposition, high power impulse magnetron sputtering, and pulsed cathodic arc are consolidated low-temperature plasma processes for the synthesis of high-quality nanocomposite films in vacuum environment. However, atmospheric arc discharge stands out thanks to the high throughput, wide variety, and excellent quality of obtained stand-alone nanomaterials, mainly core–shell nanoparticles, transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers, and carbon-based nanostructures, like graphene and carbon nanotubes. Unique capabilities of this arc technique are due to its flexibility and wide range of plasma parameters achievable by modulation of the frequency, duty cycle, and amplitude of pulse waveform. The many possibilities offered by pulsed arc discharges applied on synthesis of low-dimensional materials are reviewed here. Periodical variations in temperature and density of the pulsing arc plasma enable nanosynthesis with a more rational use of the supplied power. Parameters such as plasma composition, consumed power, process stability, material properties, and economical aspects, are discussed. Lastly a brief outlook towards future tendencies of nanomaterial preparation is proposed. Atmospheric pulsed arcs constitute promising, clean processes providing ecological and sustainable development in the production of nanomaterials both in industry and research laboratories.

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Research Organization:: Tech-X Corporation, Boulder, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0015767; 1747760

OSTI ID:: 1979299

Journal Information:: Nanotechnology, Vol. 33, Issue 34; ISSN 0957-4484

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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