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Textured Electrodes: Manipulating Built-In Crystallographic Heterogeneity of Metal Electrodes via Severe Plastic Deformation

Journal Article · · Advanced Materials
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2]
  1. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); OSTI
  2. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States)

Control of crystallography of metal electrodeposit films has recently emerged as a key to achieving long operating lifetimes in next-generation batteries. It is reported that the large crystallographic heterogeneity, e.g., broad orientational distribution, that appears characteristic of commercial metal foils, results in rough morphology upon plating/stripping. On this basis, an accumulative roll bonding (ARB) methodology—a severe plastic deformation process—is developed. Zn metal is used as a first example to interrogate the concept. It is demonstrated that the ARB process is highly effective in achieving uniform crystallographic control on macroscopic materials. After the ARB process, the Zn grains exhibit a strong (002) texture (i.e., [002]Zn//ND). The texture transitions from a classical bipolar pattern to a nonclassical unipolar pattern under large nominal strain eliminate the orientational heterogeneity of the foil. The strongly (002)-textured Zn remarkably improves the plating/stripping performance by nearly two orders of magnitude under practical conditions. The performance improvements are readily scaled to achieve pouch-type full batteries that deliver exceptional reversibility. The ARB process can, in principle, be applied to any metal chemistry to achieve similar crystallographic uniformity, provided the appropriate temperature and accumulated strains are employed. Here this concept is evaluated using commercial Li and Na foils, which, unlike Zn (HCP), are BCC crystals. The simple process for creating strong textures in both hexagonal and cubic metals and illustrating the critical role such built-in crystallography plays underscores opportunities for developing highly reversible thin metal anodes (e.g., hexagonal Zn, Mg, and cubic Li, Na, Ca, Al).

Research Organization:
State University of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY (United States); Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012673
OSTI ID:
1976199
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1830258
Journal Information:
Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 34; ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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