Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Porous Single-Layer Graphene Membranes with High Gas Permeances and Selectivities

Yuan, Zhe; He, Guangwei; Faucher, Samuel; Kuehne, Matthias; Li, Sylvia Xin; Blankschtein, Daniel; Strano, Michael S.

doi:10.1002/adma.202104308

Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Porous Single-Layer Graphene Membranes with High Gas Permeances and Selectivities

Journal Article · Sun Sep 12 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Advanced Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202104308· OSTI ID:1976195

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); OSTI
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Single-layer graphene containing molecular-sized in-plane pores is regarded as a promising membrane material for high-performance gas separations due to its atomic thickness and low gas transport resistance. However, typical etching-based pore generation methods cannot decouple pore nucleation and pore growth, resulting in a trade-off between high areal pore density and high selectivity. In contrast, intrinsic pores in graphene formed during chemical vapor deposition are not created by etching. Therefore, intrinsically porous graphene can exhibit high pore density while maintaining its gas selectivity. Here in this work, the density of intrinsic graphene pores is systematically controlled for the first time, while appropriate pore sizes for gas sieving are precisely maintained. As a result, single-layer graphene membranes with the highest H₂/CH₄ separation performances recorded to date (H₂ permeance > 4000 GPU and H₂/CH₄ selectivity > 2000) are fabricated by manipulating growth temperature, precursor concentration, and non-covalent decoration of the graphene surface. Moreover, it is identified that nanoscale molecular fouling of the graphene surface during gas separation where graphene pores are partially blocked by hydrocarbon contaminants under experimental conditions, controls both selectivity and temperature dependent permeance. Overall, the direct synthesis of porous single-layer graphene exploits its tremendous potential as high-performance gas-sieving membranes.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Army Research Office (ARO); German Research Foundation (DFG); National Science Foundation (NSF); Swiss National Science Foundation; US Army Research Laboratory (ARL); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019112

OSTI ID:: 1976195

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 44 Vol. 33; ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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