Multifractal Characterization of Distribution Synchrophasors for Cybersecurity Defense of Smart Grids

Journal Article · Fri Dec 03 00:00:00 EST 2021 · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3132536· OSTI ID:1960686

Cui, Yi ^[1]; Bai, Feifei ^[2]; Yan, Ruifeng ^[1]; Saha, Tapan ^[1]; Mosadeghy, Mehdi ^[3]; Yin, Hongzhi ^[1]; Ko, Ryan L. ^[1]; Liu, Yilu ^[4]

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1. Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (Australia)
2. Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (Australia); Griffith University (Gold Coast Campus), Southport, QLD (Australia)
3. NOJA Power, Brisbane, QLD (Australia)
4. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

“Source ID Mix” spoofing emerged as a new type of cyber-attack on Distribution Synchrophasors (DS) where adversaries have the capability to swap the source information of DS without changing the measurement values. Accurate detection of such a highly-deceptive attack is a challenging task especially when the spoofing attack happens on short fragments of DS recorded within a relatively small geographical scale. Herein this letter proposes an effective approach to detect this cyber-attack by realizing the multifractal characteristics of DS measurements. First, the multifractal cross-correlation of DS measured at multiple intra-state locations is revealed. Then the derived correlation is integrated with weighted two-dimensional multifractal surface interpolation to reconstruct quasi high-resolution signals. Finally, informative location-specific signatures are extracted from the high-resolution DS and they are integrated with advanced machine learning techniques for source authentication. Experiments using the real-life DS are performed to verify the proposed method.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: Advance Queensland Platform Technology Program; Advance Queensland Research Fellowship; USDOE; University of Queensland Solar (UQ Solar)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 1960686
• Journal Information: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 13; ISSN 1949-3053
• Publisher: IEEE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
OT security
computer security
cyber-physical security
distribution network
fractals
frequency measurement
interpolation
mathematical models
phasor measurement unit (PMU)
source ID mix
time-frequency analysis