Operando detection of Li plating during fast charging of Li-ion batteries using incremental capacity analysis

Chen, Yuxin; Torres-Castro, Loraine; Chen, Kuan-Hung; Penley, Daniel; Lamb, Joshua; Karulkar, Mohan; Dasgupta, Neil P.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231601

Operando detection of Li plating during fast charging of Li-ion batteries using incremental capacity analysis

Journal Article · Wed May 18 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231601· OSTI ID:1960222

^[1]; ^[2]; Chen, Kuan-Hung ^[3]; ^[3]; Lamb, Joshua ^[2]; Karulkar, Mohan ^[2]; ^[3]

Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); University of Michigan
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

A major challenge that limits fast charging of Li-ion batteries is lithium (Li) plating on the graphite electrode. Furthermore, it remains challenging to detect and diagnose Li plating in operando during charging. In this work, incremental capacity (IC) analysis is applied while charging graphite-NMC pouch cells over a range of rates from C/2 to 4C. Three-electrode pouch cell measurements and post-mortem SEM imaging was performed to demonstrate that the onset of Li plating is correlated with a specific IC peak. IC analysis was also applied to study the fast-charge performance of multi-layer pouch cells with 3-D anode architectures. The results demonstrate that: 1) IC curves have a characteristic peak that is an indicator of Li plating during fast charging, which grows in magnitude as charging rate increases; 2) the plating IC peak correlates with the voltage minimum of the graphite anode, indicating a transition from intercalation to plating; 3) the plating IC peak is sensitive to small amounts of Li plating; 4) IC analysis can be applied to study Li plating in novel cell architectures; 5) the plating IC peak evolves during extended fast-charge cycling, which is a result of reduced Li plating as the Li inventory decreases.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008362

OSTI ID:: 1960222

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1870348

Journal Information:: Journal of Power Sources, Journal Name: Journal of Power Sources Vol. 539; ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (61)

A Review of Existing and Emerging Methods for Lithium Detection and Characterization in Li‐Ion and Li‐Metal Batteries Paul, Partha P.; McShane, Eric J.; Colclasure, Andrew M. Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202100372	journal	March 2021
Detecting undesired lithium plating on anodes for lithium-ion batteries – A review on the in-situ methods Tian, Yu; Lin, Cheng; Li, Hailong Applied Energy, Vol. 300 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117386	journal	October 2021
Direct in situ measurements of Li transport in Li-ion battery negative electrodes Harris, Stephen J.; Timmons, Adam; Baker, Daniel R. Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 485, Issue 4-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2009.12.033	journal	January 2010
Effects of rest time after Li plating on safety behavior—ARC tests with commercial high-energy 18650 Li-ion cells Waldmann, Thomas; Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, Margret Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.036	journal	March 2017
Incremental capacity analysis and differential voltage analysis based state of charge and capacity estimation for lithium-ion batteries Zheng, Linfeng; Zhu, Jianguo; Lu, Dylan Dah-Chuan Energy, Vol. 150 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.023	journal	May 2018
Understanding of Li‐plating on graphite electrode: detection, quantification and mechanism revelation Mei, Wenxin; Jiang, Lihua; Liang, Chen Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 41 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.06.013	journal	October 2021
Rate dependency of incremental capacity analysis (dQ/dV) as a diagnostic tool for lithium-ion batteries Fly, A.; Chen, R. Journal of Energy Storage, Vol. 29 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101329	journal	June 2020
Detection of Micro-Scale Li Dendrite via H2 Gas Capture for Early Safety Warning Jin, Yang; Zheng, Zhikun; Wei, Donghui Joule, Vol. 4, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.05.016	journal	August 2020
Interplay of Lithium Intercalation and Plating on a Single Graphite Particle Gao, Tao; Han, Yu; Fraggedakis, Dimitrios Joule, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.12.020	journal	February 2021
Differential voltage analyses of high-power, lithium-ion cells Bloom, Ira; Jansen, Andrew N.; Abraham, Daniel P. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 139, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.07.021	journal	January 2005
Identify capacity fading mechanism in a commercial LiFePO4 cell Dubarry, Matthieu; Liaw, Bor Yann Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 194, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.05.036	journal	October 2009
Evaluation of commercial lithium-ion cells based on composite positive electrode for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle applications. Part I: Initial characterizations Dubarry, Matthieu; Truchot, Cyril; Cugnet, Mikaël Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.08.077	journal	December 2011
Evaluation of commercial lithium-ion cells based on composite positive electrode for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle applications. Part II. Degradation mechanism under 2C cycle aging Dubarry, Matthieu; Truchot, Cyril; Liaw, Bor Yann Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.08.078	journal	December 2011
A comparative study of commercial lithium ion battery cycle life in electrical vehicle: Aging mechanism identification Han, Xuebing; Ouyang, Minggao; Lu, Languang Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 251 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.11.029	journal	April 2014
Nondestructive detection, characterization, and quantification of lithium plating in commercial lithium-ion batteries Petzl, Mathias; Danzer, Michael A. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 254 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.060	journal	May 2014
A new method for detecting lithium plating by measuring the cell thickness Bitzer, Bernhard; Gruhle, Andreas Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 262 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.142	journal	September 2014
Lithium plating in lithium-ion batteries at sub-ambient temperatures investigated by in situ neutron diffraction Zinth, Veronika; von Lüders, Christian; Hofmann, Michael Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 271 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.07.168	journal	December 2014
Interaction of cyclic ageing at high-rate and low temperatures and safety in lithium-ion batteries Fleischhammer, Meike; Waldmann, Thomas; Bisle, Gunther Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 274 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.08.135	journal	January 2015
Lithium plating in a commercial lithium-ion battery – A low-temperature aging study Petzl, Mathias; Kasper, Michael; Danzer, Michael A. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 275 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.065	journal	February 2015
In situ detection of lithium metal plating on graphite in experimental cells Uhlmann, C.; Illig, J.; Ender, M. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 279 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.046	journal	April 2015
Overcharge-induced capacity fading analysis for large format lithium-ion batteries with Li Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2+ Li Mn2O4 composite cathode Ouyang, Minggao; Ren, Dongsheng; Lu, Languang Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 279 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.051	journal	April 2015
Voltage relaxation and impedance spectroscopy as in-operando methods for the detection of lithium plating on graphitic anodes in commercial lithium-ion cells Schindler, Stefan; Bauer, Marius; Petzl, Mathias Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 304 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.11.044	journal	February 2016
Understanding the dilation and dilation relaxation behavior of graphite-based lithium-ion cells Bauer, Marius; Wachtler, Mario; Stöwe, Hendrik Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 317 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.03.078	journal	June 2016
Online state of health estimation on NMC cells based on predictive analytics Berecibar, Maitane; Devriendt, Floris; Dubarry, Matthieu Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 320 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.04.109	journal	July 2016
Lithium plating in lithium-ion batteries investigated by voltage relaxation and in situ neutron diffraction von Lüders, Christian; Zinth, Veronika; Erhard, Simon V. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 342 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.12.032	journal	February 2017
Operando lithium plating quantification and early detection of a commercial LiFePO4 cell cycled under dynamic driving schedule Anseán, D.; Dubarry, M.; Devie, A. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 356 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.04.072	journal	July 2017
A quick on-line state of health estimation method for Li-ion battery with incremental capacity curves processed by Gaussian filter Li, Yi; Abdel-Monem, Mohamed; Gopalakrishnan, Rahul Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 373 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.10.092	journal	January 2018
Li plating as unwanted side reaction in commercial Li-ion cells – A review Waldmann, Thomas; Hogg, Björn-Ingo; Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, Margret Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 384 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.02.063	journal	April 2018
A look into the voltage plateau signal for detection and quantification of lithium plating in lithium-ion cells Yang, Xiao-Guang; Ge, Shanhai; Liu, Teng Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 395 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.05.073	journal	August 2018
A new on-line method for lithium plating detection in lithium-ion batteries Koleti, Upender Rao; Dinh, Truong Quang; Marco, James Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 451 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227798	journal	March 2020
Efficient fast-charging of lithium-ion batteries enabled by laser-patterned three-dimensional graphite anode architectures Chen, Kuan-Hung; Namkoong, Min Ji; Goel, Vishwas Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 471 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228475	journal	September 2020
Application of the differential charging voltage analysis to determine the onset of lithium-plating during fast charging of lithium-ion cells Adam, A.; Knobbe, E.; Wandt, J. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 495 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229794	journal	May 2021
Model-based lithium deposition detection method using differential voltage analysis Katzer, Felix; Jahn, Leonard; Hahn, Markus Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 512 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230449	journal	November 2021
Quantitative and time-resolved detection of lithium plating on graphite anodes in lithium ion batteries Wandt, Johannes; Jakes, Peter; Granwehr, Josef Materials Today, Vol. 21, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2017.11.001	journal	April 2018
Advancing knowledge of electrochemically generated lithium microstructure and performance decay of lithium ion battery by synchrotron X-ray tomography Sun, Fu; He, Xin; Jiang, Xiaoyu Materials Today, Vol. 27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2018.11.003	journal	July 2019
In Operando Acoustic Detection of Lithium Metal Plating in Commercial LiCoO2/Graphite Pouch Cells Bommier, Clement; Chang, Wesley; Lu, Yufang Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2020.100035	journal	April 2020
Heterogeneous Behavior of Lithium Plating during Extreme Fast Charging Tanim, Tanvir R.; Paul, Partha P.; Thampy, Vivek Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol. 1, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2020.100114	journal	July 2020
Effect of Anode Slippage on Cathode Cutoff Potential and Degradation Mechanisms in Ni-Rich Li-Ion Batteries Dose, Wesley M.; Xu, Chao; Grey, Clare P. Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol. 1, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2020.100253	journal	November 2020
Low-Temperature Lithium Plating/Corrosion Hazard in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Electrode Rippling, Variable States of Charge, and Thermal and Nonthermal Runaway Ng, Benjamin; Coman, Paul T.; Faegh, Ehsan ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.0c00130	journal	March 2020
In Operando Detection of the Onset and Mapping of Lithium Plating Regimes during Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Fear, Conner; Adhikary, Tanay; Carter, Rachel ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 12, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c07803	journal	June 2020
Dendrites and Pits: Untangling the Complex Behavior of Lithium Metal Anodes through Operando Video Microscopy Wood, Kevin N.; Kazyak, Eric; Chadwick, Alexander F. ACS Central Science, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.6b00260	journal	October 2016
Performance and cost of materials for lithium-based rechargeable automotive batteries Schmuch, Richard; Wagner, Ralf; Hörpel, Gerhard Nature Energy, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0107-2	journal	April 2018
Challenges and opportunities towards fast-charging battery materials Liu, Yayuan; Zhu, Yangying; Cui, Yi Nature Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0405-3	journal	June 2019
Direct in situ observation and explanation of lithium dendrite of commercial graphite electrodes Guo, Zhansheng; Zhu, Jianyu; Feng, Jiemin RSC Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 85 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA13289D	journal	January 2015
Dead lithium: mass transport effects on voltage, capacity, and failure of lithium metal anodes Chen, Kuan-Hung; Wood, Kevin N.; Kazyak, Eric Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA00371D	journal	January 2017
Spatial dynamics of lithiation and lithium plating during high-rate operation of graphite electrodes Finegan, Donal P.; Quinn, Alexander; Wragg, David S. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 13, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0EE01191F	journal	January 2020
Lithium stripping: anisotropic evolution and faceting of pits revealed by operando 3-D microscopy Sanchez, Adrian J.; Kazyak, Eric; Chen, Yuxin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 9, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TA03333F	journal	January 2021
Operando video microscopy of Li plating and re-intercalation on graphite anodes during fast charging Chen, Yuxin; Chen, Kuan-Hung; Sanchez, Adrian J. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 9, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TA06023F	journal	January 2021
Comparison of Modeling Predictions with Experimental Data from Plastic Lithium Ion Cells Doyle, Marc Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 143, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1836921	journal	January 1996
Simulation and Optimization of the Dual Lithium Ion Insertion Cell Fuller, Thomas F. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 141, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2054684	journal	January 1994
Fast-Charging of Automotive Lithium-Ion Cells: In-Situ Lithium-Plating Detection and Comparison of Different Cell Designs Adam, A.; Wandt, J.; Knobbe, E. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abb564	journal	September 2020
Lithium Mechanics: Roles of Strain Rate and Temperature and Implications for Lithium Metal Batteries LePage, William S.; Chen, Yuxin; Kazyak, Eric Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0221902jes	journal	January 2019
Optimizing Areal Capacities through Understanding the Limitations of Lithium-Ion Electrodes Gallagher, Kevin G.; Trask, Stephen E.; Bauer, Christoph Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0321602jes	journal	November 2015
Requirements for Enabling Extreme Fast Charging of High Energy Density Li-Ion Cells while Avoiding Lithium Plating Colclasure, Andrew M.; Dunlop, Alison R.; Trask, Stephen E. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0451908jes	journal	January 2019
In Situ Detection of Lithium Plating on Graphite Electrodes by Electrochemical Calorimetry Downie, L. E.; Krause, L. J.; Burns, J. C. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.049304jes	journal	January 2013
A Gold Micro-Reference Electrode for Impedance and Potential Measurements in Lithium Ion Batteries Solchenbach, Sophie; Pritzl, Daniel; Kong, Edmund Jia Yi Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0581610jes	journal	January 2016
Interplay of Operational Parameters on Lithium Deposition in Lithium-Ion Cells: Systematic Measurements with Reconstructed 3-Electrode Pouch Full Cells Waldmann, Thomas; Hogg, Björn-Ingo; Kasper, Michael Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0591607jes	journal	January 2016
In-Situ Detection of Lithium Plating Using High Precision Coulometry Burns, J. C.; Stevens, D. A.; Dahn, J. R. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0621506jes	journal	January 2015
Investigation of Lithium Plating-Stripping Process in Li-Ion Batteries at Low Temperature Using an Electrochemical Model Ren, Dongsheng; Smith, Kandler; Guo, Dongxu Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0661810jes	journal	January 2018
Electrochemical, Post-Mortem, and ARC Analysis of Li-Ion Cell Safety in Second-Life Applications Waldmann, Thomas; Quinn, Jason B.; Richter, Karsten Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0961713jes	journal	January 2017
Evolution of Dead Lithium Growth in Lithium Metal Batteries: Experimentally Validated Model of the Apparent Capacity Loss Xu, Shanshan; Chen, Kuan-Hung; Dasgupta, Neil P. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0991914jes	journal	January 2019

Similar Records

Operando video microscopy of Li plating and re-intercalation on graphite anodes during fast charging

Journal Article · Sun Oct 17 20:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A · OSTI ID:1924793

Enabling 6C Fast Charging of Li–Ion Batteries with Graphite/Hard Carbon Hybrid Anodes

Journal Article · Sun Dec 27 19:00:00 EST 2020 · Advanced Energy Materials · OSTI ID:1924792

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
Fast charge
Incremental capacity
Li plating
Li-ion battery
Microscopy
Three-electrode

Operando detection of Li plating during fast charging of Li-ion batteries using incremental capacity analysis

Citation Formats

References (61)

Similar Records

Related Subjects