A Dynamic Risk Framework for the Physical Security of Nuclear Power Plants

Christian, Robby; Yadav, Vaibhav; Prescott, R. Steven; St. Germain, Shawn W.

doi:10.1080/00295639.2022.2112899

A Dynamic Risk Framework for the Physical Security of Nuclear Power Plants

Journal Article · Wed Oct 12 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Nuclear Science and Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2022.2112899· OSTI ID:1924049

Christian, Robby ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]

Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

This paper describes ongoing work within the Light Water Reactor Sustainability pathway at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to optimize the security and cost of nuclear power plants. It introduces the dynamic risk assessment tool developed at INL, Event Modeling Risk Assessment using Linked Diagrams (EMRALD). EMRALD is leveraged to optimize the security posture of a nuclear power plant by integrating force-on-force (FOF) simulations and operator mitigation actions, including dynamic and flexible coping strategies (FLEX). To illustrate the methodology, four attack scenarios are modeled in a commercially available FOF simulation tool using a hypothetical nuclear power plant facility. The simulation results provide valuable insights into possible attack outcomes, as well as the probabilistic risk of a core damage event given these outcomes. Safety mitigation procedures are modeled in EMRALD dependent on the attack outcomes by considering human operator uncertainties. The results demonstrate that the number of armed responders can be optimized, while still maintaining the same protection level as the initial security posture. The proposed modeling and simulation framework of integrating FLEX equipment with FOF models enables the nuclear power plants to credit FLEX portable equipment in the plant security posture, resulting in an efficient and optimized physical security system.

Research Organization:: Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC07-05ID14517

OSTI ID:: 1924049

Report Number(s):: INL/JOU-22-66479

Journal Information:: Nuclear Science and Engineering, Journal Name: Nuclear Science and Engineering Journal Issue: - Vol. -; ISSN 0029-5639

Publisher:: Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL PROTECTION
EMRALD
FLEX
physical security

A Dynamic Risk Framework for the Physical Security of Nuclear Power Plants

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