Large and massive neutron stars: Implications for the sound speed within QCD of dense matter

Drischler, Christian; Han, Sophia; Reddy, Sanjay

doi:10.1103/physrevc.105.035808

Title: Large and massive neutron stars: Implications for the sound speed within QCD of dense matter

Journal Article · Mon Mar 28 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Physical Review. C

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.105.035808· OSTI ID:1922115

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Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Here, the NASA telescope NICER has recently measured x-ray emissions from the heaviest of the precisely known two-solar mass neutron stars, PSR J0740 + 6620. Analysis of the data suggests that PSR J0740 + 6620 has a radius in the range of R_2.0 ≈ (11.4 – 16.1) km at the 68% credibility level. In this article, we study the implications of this analysis for the sound speed in the high-density inner cores by using recent chiral effective field theory (χEFT) calculations of the equation of state at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order to describe outer regions of the star at modest density. We find that the lower bound on the maximum speed of sound in the inner core, min {c$$^{2}_{s,max}$$}, increases rapidly with the radius of massive neutron stars. If χ EFT remains an efficient expansion for nuclear interactions up to about twice the nuclear saturation density, R_2.0 ≥ 13 km requires min {c$$^{2}_{s,max}$$} ≥ 0.562 and 0.442 at the 68% and 95% credibility level, respectively.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF); Heising-Simons Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-00ER41132; PHY-1630782; 2017-228; SC0013617

OSTI ID:: 1922115

Journal Information:: Physical Review. C, Vol. 105, Issue 3; ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Large and massive neutron stars: Implications for the sound speed within QCD of dense matter

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