Do betaine lipids replace phosphatidylcholine as fatty acid editing hubs in microalgae?

Hoffmann, Danielle Yvonne; Shachar-Hill, Yair

doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1077347

Do betaine lipids replace phosphatidylcholine as fatty acid editing hubs in microalgae?

Journal Article · Thu Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Frontiers in Plant Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1077347· OSTI ID:1909955

Hoffmann, Danielle Yvonne; Shachar-Hill, Yair

Acyl editing refers to a deacylation and reacylation cycle on a lipid, which allows for fatty acid desaturation and modification prior to being removed and incorporated into other pools. Acyl editing is an important determinant of glycerolipid synthesis and has been well-characterized in land plants, thus this review begins with an overview of acyl editing in plants. Much less is known about acyl editing in algae, including the extent to which acyl editing impacts lipid synthesis and on which lipid substrate(s) it occurs. This review compares what is known about acyl editing on its major hub phosphatidylcholine (PC) in land plants with the evidence for acyl editing of betaine lipids such as diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine (DGTS), the structural analog that replaces PC in several species of microalgae. In land plants, PC is also known to be a major source of fatty acids and diacylglycerol (DAG) for synthesis of the neutral lipid triacylglycerol (TAG). We review the evidence that DGTS contributes substantially to TAG accumulation in algae as a source of fatty acids, but not as a precursor to DAG. We conclude with evidence of acyl editing on other membrane lipid substrates in plants and algae apart from PC or DGTS, and discuss future analyses to elucidate the role of DGTS and other betaine lipids in acyl editing in microalgae.

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Research Organization:: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018269

OSTI ID:: 1909955

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2422514

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Name: Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 14; ISSN 1664-462X

Publisher:: Frontiers Media SACopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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lipid
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Do betaine lipids replace phosphatidylcholine as fatty acid editing hubs in microalgae?

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