Spin photovoltaic effect in magnetic van der Waals heterostructures

Song, Tiancheng; Anderson, Eric; Tu, Matisse Wei-Yuan; Seyler, Kyle; Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; McGuire, Michael A.; Li, Xiaosong; Cao, Ting; Xiao, Di; Yao, Wang; Xu, Xiaodong

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abg8094

Spin photovoltaic effect in magnetic van der Waals heterostructures

Journal Article · Wed Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg8094· OSTI ID:1904397

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Seyler, Kyle ^[2]; ^[4]; ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[6]; ^[7]; ^[2]

Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); OSTI
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
National Cheng Kung Univ., Tainan City (Taiwan)
National Institute for Materials Science (Japan)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division
Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
Univ. of Hong Kong (Hong Kong)

The development of van der Waals (vdW) crystals and their heterostructures has created a fascinating platform for exploring optoelectronic properties in the two-dimensional (2D) limit. With the recent discovery of 2D magnets, the control of the spin degree of freedom can be integrated to realize 2D spin-optoelectronics. Here, we report spin photovoltaic effects in vdW heterostructures of 2D magnet chromium triiodide (CrI₃) sandwiched by graphene contacts. The photocurrent displays a distinct dependence on light helicity, which can be tuned by varying the magnetic states and photon energy. Circular polarization–resolved absorption measurements reveal that these observations originate from magnetic order–coupled and, thus, helicity-dependent charge-transfer excitons. The photocurrent displays multiple plateaus as the magnetic field is swept, associated with different CrI₃ spin configurations. Giant photo-magnetocurrent is observed, which tends to infinity for a small applied bias. Our results pave the way to explore emergent photospintronics by engineering magnetic vdW heterostructures.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018171

OSTI ID:: 1904397

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Journal Name: Science Advances Journal Issue: 36 Vol. 7; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (46)

Spintronics of Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskites: Miraculous Basis of Integrated Optoelectronic Devices Liao, Kun; Hu, Xiaoyong; Cheng, Yinke Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201900350	journal	June 2019
Differential reflection spectroscopy of very thin surface films McIntyre, J. D. E.; Aspnes, D. E. Surface Science, Vol. 24, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(71)90272-X	journal	February 1971
Giant magnetic tunneling effect in Fe/Al2O3/Fe junction Miyazaki, T.; Tezuka, N. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 139, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(95)90001-2	journal	January 1995
Charge-Transfer Plasmon Polaritons at Graphene/α-RuCl ₃ Interfaces Rizzo, Daniel J.; Jessen, Bjarke S.; Sun, Zhiyuan Nano Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03466	journal	November 2020
Modulation Doping via a Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystalline Acceptor Wang, Yiping; Balgley, Jesse; Gerber, Eli Nano Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03493	journal	November 2020
Spin Direction-Controlled Electronic Band Structure in Two-Dimensional Ferromagnetic CrI ₃ Jiang, Peiheng; Li, Lei; Liao, Zhaoliang Nano Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01125	journal	May 2018
One Million Percent Tunnel Magnetoresistance in a Magnetic van der Waals Heterostructure Kim, Hyun Ho; Yang, Bowen; Patel, Tarun Nano Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01552	journal	July 2018
Voltage Control of a van der Waals Spin-Filter Magnetic Tunnel Junction Song, Tiancheng; Tu, Matisse Wei-Yuan; Carnahan, Caitlin Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04160	journal	January 2019
Spin-Split Band Hybridization in Graphene Proximitized with α-RuCl ₃ Nanosheets Mashhadi, Soudabeh; Kim, Youngwook; Kim, Jeongwoo Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01691	journal	June 2019
Spin-galvanic effect Ganichev, S. D.; Ivchenko, E. L.; Bel'kov, V. V. Nature, Vol. 417, Issue 6885 https://doi.org/10.1038/417153a	journal	May 2002
Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals crystals Gong, Cheng; Li, Lin; Li, Zhenglu Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7657 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22060	journal	April 2017
Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit Huang, Bevin; Clark, Genevieve; Navarro-Moratalla, Efrén Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7657 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22391	journal	June 2017
Unusually efficient photocurrent extraction in monolayer van der Waals heterostructure by tunnelling through discretized barriers Yu, Woo Jong; Vu, Quoc An; Oh, Hyemin Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13278	journal	November 2016
Demonstration of the spin solar cell and spin photodiode effect Endres, B.; Ciorga, M.; Schmid, M. Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3068	journal	July 2013
Dichroic spin–valley photocurrent in monolayer molybdenum disulphide Eginligil, Mustafa; Cao, Bingchen; Wang, Zilong Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8636	journal	July 2015
Spin routes in organic semiconductors Dediu, V. Alek; Hueso, Luis E.; Bergenti, Ilaria Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2510	journal	August 2009
Highly efficient gate-tunable photocurrent generation in vertical heterostructures of layered materials Yu, Woo Jong; Liu, Yuan; Zhou, Hailong Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.219	journal	October 2013
Generation and electric control of spin–valley-coupled circular photogalvanic current in WSe2 Yuan, Hongtao; Wang, Xinqiang; Lian, Biao Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.183	journal	September 2014
Photonics and optoelectronics of 2D semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides Mak, Kin Fai; Shan, Jie Nature Photonics, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2015.282	journal	March 2016
Spin and pseudospins in layered transition metal dichalcogenides Xu, Xiaodong; Yao, Wang; Xiao, Di Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2942	journal	April 2014
Photo-spin-voltaic effect Ellsworth, David; Lu, Lei; Lan, Jin Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3738	journal	April 2016
Very large tunneling magnetoresistance in layered magnetic semiconductor CrI3 Wang, Zhe; Gutiérrez-Lezama, Ignacio; Ubrig, Nicolas Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04953-8	journal	June 2018
Suppression of magnetic ordering in XXZ-type antiferromagnetic monolayer NiPS3 Kim, Kangwon; Lim, Soo Yeon; Lee, Jae-Ung Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08284-6	journal	January 2019
Physical origin of giant excitonic and magneto-optical responses in two-dimensional ferromagnetic insulators Wu, Meng; Li, Zhenglu; Cao, Ting Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10325-7	journal	May 2019
Switchable magnetic bulk photovoltaic effect in the two-dimensional magnet CrI3 Zhang, Yang; Holder, Tobias; Ishizuka, Hiroaki Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11832-3	journal	August 2019
Spin-induced linear polarization of photoluminescence in antiferromagnetic van der Waals crystals Wang, Xingzhi; Cao, Jun; Lu, Zhengguang Nature Materials, Vol. 20, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-00968-7	journal	April 2021
Highly anisotropic excitons and multiple phonon bound states in a van der Waals antiferromagnetic insulator Hwangbo, Kyle; Zhang, Qi; Jiang, Qianni Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 16, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-021-00873-9	journal	March 2021
Ligand-field helical luminescence in a 2D ferromagnetic insulator Seyler, Kyle L.; Zhong, Ding; Klein, Dahlia R. Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-017-0006-7	journal	December 2017
Coherent many-body exciton in van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS3 Kang, Soonmin; Kim, Kangwon; Kim, Beom Hyun Nature, Vol. 583, Issue 7818 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2520-5	journal	July 2020
Probing and controlling magnetic states in 2D layered magnetic materials Mak, Kin Fai; Shan, Jie; Ralph, Daniel C. Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-019-0110-y	journal	September 2019
Exfoliation and Raman Spectroscopic Fingerprint of Few-Layer NiPS3 Van der Waals Crystals Kuo, Cheng-Tai; Neumann, Michael; Balamurugan, Karuppannan Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20904	journal	February 2016
Manipulating spin-polarized photocurrents in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides Xie, Lu; Cui, Xiaodong Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523012113	journal	March 2016
Spin photocurrents in quantum wells Ganichev, S. D.; Prettl, W. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 15, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/20/204	journal	May 2003
On the origin of magnetic anisotropy in two dimensional CrI ₃ Lado, J. L.; Fernández-Rossier, J. 2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aa75ed	journal	June 2017
Evidence for charge transfer and proximate magnetism in graphene– α − RuCl 3 heterostructures Zhou, Boyi; Balgley, J.; Lampen-Kelley, P. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.165426	journal	October 2019
Enhanced magnetoresistance in layered magnetic structures with antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange Binasch, G.; Grünberg, P.; Saurenbach, F. Physical Review B, Vol. 39, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.39.4828	journal	March 1989
Magnetoresistance in Double Spin Filter Tunnel Junctions with Nonmagnetic Electrodes and its Unconventional Bias Dependence Miao, Guo-Xing; Müller, Martina; Moodera, Jagadeesh S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.076601	journal	February 2009
Zeeman-Induced Valley-Sensitive Photocurrent in Monolayer MoS 2 Zhang, Xiao-Xiao; Lai, You; Dohner, Emma Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.127401	journal	March 2019
Giant Magnetoresistance of (001)Fe/(001)Cr Magnetic Superlattices Baibich, M. N.; Broto, J. M.; Fert, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 61, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.2472	journal	November 1988
Large Magnetoresistance at Room Temperature in Ferromagnetic Thin Film Tunnel Junctions Moodera, J. S.; Kinder, Lisa R.; Wong, Terrilyn M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 74, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3273	journal	April 1995
Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications Žutić, Igor; Fabian, Jaroslav; Das Sarma, S. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.76.323	journal	April 2004
Strong Light-Matter Interactions in Heterostructures of Atomically Thin Films Britnell, L.; Ribeiro, R. M.; Eckmann, A. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6138 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1235547	journal	May 2013
The valley Hall effect in MoS2 transistors Mak, K. F.; McGill, K. L.; Park, J. Science, Vol. 344, Issue 6191 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1250140	journal	June 2014
A molecular spin-photovoltaic device Sun, Xiangnan; Vélez, Saül; Atxabal, Ainhoa Science, Vol. 357, Issue 6352 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan5348	journal	August 2017
Probing magnetism in 2D van der Waals crystalline insulators via electron tunneling Klein, D. R.; MacNeill, D.; Lado, J. L. Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6394 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar3617	journal	May 2018
Giant tunneling magnetoresistance in spin-filter van der Waals heterostructures Song, Tiancheng; Cai, Xinghan; Tu, Matisse Wei-Yuan Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6394 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar4851	journal	May 2018

Similar Records

Giant tunneling magnetoresistance in spin-filter van der Waals heterostructures

Journal Article · Thu Jun 14 20:00:00 EDT 2018 · Science · OSTI ID:1439141

Ultrafast dynamics in van der Waals heterostructures

Journal Article · Sun Nov 04 19:00:00 EST 2018 · Nature Nanotechnology · OSTI ID:1490655

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Science & Technology

Spin photovoltaic effect in magnetic van der Waals heterostructures

Citation Formats

References (46)

Similar Records

Related Subjects