Cascaded Optical Nonlinearities in Dielectric Metasurfaces

Gennaro, Sylvain D.; Doiron, Chloe F.; Karl, Nicholas; Iyer, Prasad P.; Serkland, Darwin K.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01937

Cascaded Optical Nonlinearities in Dielectric Metasurfaces

Journal Article · Fri Feb 11 00:00:00 EST 2022 · ACS Photonics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01937· OSTI ID:1870464

^[1]; Doiron, Chloe F. ^[1]; ^[1]; Iyer, Prasad P. ^[1]; Serkland, Darwin K. ^[1]; Sinclair, Michael B. ^[1]; ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Since the discovery of the laser, optical nonlinearities have been at the core of efficient light conversion sources. Typically, thick transparent crystals or quasi-phase matched waveguides are utilized in conjunction with phase-matching techniques to select a single parametric process. In recent years, due to the rapid developments in artificially structured materials, optical frequency mixing has been achieved at the nanoscale in subwavelength resonators arrayed as metasurfaces. Phase matching becomes relaxed for these wavelength-scale structures, and all allowed nonlinear processes can, in principle, occur on an equal footing. This could promote harmonic generation via a cascaded (consisting of several frequency mixing steps) process. However, so far, all reported work on dielectric metasurfaces have assumed frequency mixing from a direct (single step) nonlinear process. In this work, we prove the existence of cascaded second-order optical nonlinearities by analyzing the second- and third-wave mixing from a highly nonlinear metasurface in conjunction with polarization selection rules and crystal symmetries. We find that the third-wave mixing signal from a cascaded process can be of comparable strength to that from conventional third-harmonic generation and that surface nonlinearities are the dominant mechanism that contributes to cascaded second-order nonlinearities in our metasurface.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 1870464

Report Number(s):: SAND2022-4034J; 704711

Journal Information:: ACS Photonics, Journal Name: ACS Photonics Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 9; ISSN 2330-4022

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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