Investigation of pre-cooling as a recommended measure to improve residential buildings’ thermal resilience during heat waves

Zeng, Zhaoyun; Zhang, Wanni; Sun, Kaiyu; Wei, Max; Hong, Tianzhen

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108694

Investigation of pre-cooling as a recommended measure to improve residential buildings’ thermal resilience during heat waves

Journal Article · Thu Dec 23 00:00:00 UTC 2021 · Building and Environment

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108694· OSTI ID:1869655

^[1]; Zhang, Wanni ^[1]; ^[1]; Wei, Max ^[1]; ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

More intense heat waves are expected to occur more frequently in the twenty-first century. During severe heat waves, cooling capacity shortfall and overheating are likely to occur in residential buildings, and this will adversely affect occupant's thermal comfort and productivity. We propose a strategy of pre-cooling the house during off-peak hours to mitigate overheating during heat waves. Additionally, simulation results of a prototype single-family house show that adopting the rule-based control (RBC) of pre-cooling thermostat setpoint schedule is effective in reducing thermal discomfort, and that the efficacy of pre-cooling depends upon several building characteristics. An optimized control (OC) of the thermostat setpoint schedule was developed based on the simulation of a prototype building. A simplified yet improved RBC (IRBC) pre-cooling schedule was then extracted from the OC schedule for practical implementation at a larger scale. The effects of the RBC schedule and IRBC schedule were evaluated in the King District of Fresno, which contains 814 residential buildings. Results show that both thermostat setpoint schedules can reduce overheating effectively and that IRBC is slightly better than RBC for most buildings. The findings support the California government's recommendation on pre-cooling to mitigate overheating, which can be further improved with an optimized thermostat setpoint schedule broadcast to residents through early alert messages before a heat wave.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: California Strategic Growth Council; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Building Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1869655

Journal Information:: Building and Environment, Journal Name: Building and Environment Vol. 210; ISSN 0360-1323

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
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Investigation of pre-cooling as a recommended measure to improve residential buildings’ thermal resilience during heat waves

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