Conformal Pressure and Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries

Cao, Chuntian; Steinrück, Hans-Georg; Paul, Partha P.; Dunlop, Alison R.; Trask, Stephen E.; Jansen, Andrew N.; Kasse, Robert M.; Thampy, Vivek; Yusuf, Maha; Weker, Johanna Nelson; Shyam, Badri; Subbaraman, Ram; Davis, Kelly; Johnston, Christina M.; Takacs, Christopher J.; Toney, Michael F.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ac653f

Title: Conformal Pressure and Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Tue Apr 19 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac653f· OSTI ID:1866574

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^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[4]; Jansen, Andrew N. ^[4];

^[5]; Thampy, Vivek ^[3]; Yusuf, Maha ^[6]; Weker, Johanna Nelson ^[3]; Shyam, Badri ^[3]; Subbaraman, Ram ^[7]; Davis, Kelly ^[7]; Johnston, Christina M. ^[7]; Takacs, Christopher J. ^[3];

^[8]

SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Computational Science Initiative
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); Univ. Paderborn (Germany)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Robert Bosch LLC, Sunnyvale, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)

Batteries capable of extreme fast-charging (XFC) are a necessity for the deployment of electric vehicles. Material properties of electrodes and electrolytes along with cell parameters such as stack pressure and temperature have coupled, synergistic, and sometimes deleterious effects on fast-charging performance. We develop a new experimental testbed that allows precise and conformal application of electrode stack pressure. We focus on cell capacity degradation using single-layer pouch cells with graphite anodes, LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC532) cathodes, and carbonate-based electrolyte. In the tested range (10–125 psi), cells cycled at higher pressure show higher capacity and less capacity fading. Additionally, Li plating decreases with increasing pressure as observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical imaging. While the loss of Li inventory from Li plating is the largest contributor to capacity fade, electrochemical and SEM examination of the NMC cathodes after XFC experiments show increased secondary particle damage at lower pressure. We infer that the better performance at higher pressure is due to more homogeneous reactions of active materials across the electrode and less polarization through the electrode thickness. Our study emphasizes the importance of electrode stack pressure in XFC batteries and highlights its subtle role in cell conditions.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; AC02-06CH11357; ECCS-2026822; SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1866574

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1863095; OSTI ID: 1882939

Report Number(s):: BNL-222916-2022-JAAM; TRN: US2306066

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 169, Issue 4; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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