Real-Time Health Monitoring for Gas Turbine Components Using Online Learning and High-Dimensional Data

Technical Report · Wed Dec 29 04:00:00 EST 2021

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/1838458· OSTI ID:1838458

Gebraeel, Nagi ^[1]; Lieuwen, Timothy ^[2]; Paynabar, Kamran ^[2]; Thole, Karen ^[3]

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1. Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States); Georgia Institute of Technology
2. Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
3. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Capital-intensive turbomachinery, such as gas turbines and combined cycle plants, are constantly being monitored for performance anomalies, faults, and physical degradation. Although these power-generating assets are equipped with hundreds of sensors, existing monitoring tools can only handle moderate-sized data. As a result, only a handful of aggregate metrics are used to monitor machine health. At the same time, developing advanced tools suitable for large datasets have been restricted by the lack of appropriate data. The objective of this proposal was to demonstrate a Big Data analytics framework for fault detection and diagnosis in gas turbine applications. We develop a predictive analytics framework methodology guided by these experimental data, industrial data from our collaborators, and physics-based models with engineering domain knowledge. Our analytics framework consists of four key components (1) a data curation process that addresses data storage, data quality assessments, and integrity checks, (2) a feature engineering component that utilizes statistical methods and transformation algorithms guided by physics-based models to extract high-fidelity fault features that can be leveraged for fault detection and classifying fault severities, (3) a Machine Learning-based fault detection and diagnostics algorithms for detecting operational and hardware faults in the combustion and the turbines section. We utilize two industry-class gas turbine component test rigs to generate first of its kind data for critical gas turbine faults with varying severity levels. Advanced gas turbine test facilities will be interrogated using state-of-the-art instrumentation techniques to build fault signatures and data trends for key combustor and turbine faults. Data generated from a combustor test rig (Georgia Tech) and a turbine test rig (Penn State) during both normal operation and with seeded faults serve as the basis for the Big Data sets. The test conditions in the two test facilities include common, critical events that occur in the operation. Utilizing the combustor test rig, we examine two common combustor faults: lean blowout and centerbody degradation. For the turbine section we develop analytic models for monitoring cooling faults in the gas turbine

• Research Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)
• DOE Contract Number: FE0031288
• OSTI ID: 1838458
• Report Number(s): DOE-GT-31288
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

03 NATURAL GAS
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
42 ENGINEERING
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
Big Data
combustor
data analytics
degradation
detection
fault diagnosis
gas turbine