Food security under high bioenergy demand toward long-term climate goals

Hasegawa, Tomoko; Sands, Ronald D.; Brunelle, Thierry; Cui, Yiyun; Frank, Stefan; Fujimori, Shinichiro; Popp, Alexander

doi:10.1007/s10584-020-02838-8

Title: Food security under high bioenergy demand toward long-term climate goals

Journal Article · Wed Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Climatic Change

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02838-8· OSTI ID:1837666

^[1]; Sands, Ronald D. ^[2]; Brunelle, Thierry ^[3]; Cui, Yiyun ^[4]; Frank, Stefan ^[5]; Fujimori, Shinichiro ^[6]; Popp, Alexander ^[7]

Ritsumeikan Univ., Kusatsu (Japan); National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba (Japan). Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research
US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Kansas City, MO (United States). Economic Research Service Beacon Facility
CIRAD, UMR CIRED, Nogent-sur-Marne (France)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), College Park, MD (United States)
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg (Austria
National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba (Japan). Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research; Kyoto Univ. (Japan); International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg (Austria)
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Potsdam (Germany)

Bioenergy is expected to play an important role in the achievement of stringent climate-change mitigation targets requiring the application of negative emissions technology. Using a multi-model framework, we assess the effects of high bioenergy demand on global food production, food security, and competition for agricultural land. Various scenarios simulate global bioenergy demands of 100, 200, 300, and 400 exajoules (EJ) by 2100, with and without a carbon price. Six global energy-economy-agriculture models contribute to this study, with different methodologies and technologies used for bioenergy supply and greenhouse-gas mitigation options for agriculture. We find that the large-scale use of bioenergy, if not implemented properly, would raise food prices and increase the number of people at risk of hunger in many areas of the world. For example, an increase in global bioenergy demand from 200 to 300 EJ causes a -11% to +40% change in food crop prices and decreases food consumption from -45 to -2 kcal person^-1 day^-1, leading to an additional 0 to 25 million people at risk of hunger compared with the case of no bioenergy demand (90th percentile range across models). This risk does not rule out the intensive use of bioenergy but shows the importance of its careful implementation, potentially including regulations that protect cropland for food production or for the use of bioenergy feedstock on land that is not competitive with food production.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; JSPS KAKENHI; Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; JPMEERF20202002; 19 K24387

OSTI ID:: 1837666

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-134663

Journal Information:: Climatic Change, Vol. 163, Issue 3; ISSN 0165-0009

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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