Robust topological state against magnetic impurities observed in the superconductor PbTaSe2

Multer, Daniel; Yin, Jia-Xin; Zhang, Songtian S.; Zheng, Hao; Chang, Tay-Rong; Bian, Guang; Sankar, Raman; Hasan, M. Zahid

doi:10.1103/physrevb.104.075145

Title: Robust topological state against magnetic impurities observed in the superconductor PbTaSe₂

Journal Article · Tue Aug 24 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physical Review B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.104.075145· OSTI ID:1825495

Multer, Daniel ^[1];

^[1]; Zhang, Songtian S. ^[1]; Zheng, Hao ^[2]; Chang, Tay-Rong ^[3]; Bian, Guang ^[4]; Sankar, Raman ^[5]; Hasan, M. Zahid ^[6]

Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China)
National Cheng Kung Univ., Tainan City (Taiwan); National Taiwan Univ., Taipei (Taiwan)
Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)
Academia Sinica, Taipei (Taiwan); National Taiwan Univ., Taipei (Taiwan)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States) ; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Magnetic impurities deposited on topological superconductor candidate PbTaSe₂ can introduce a nonsplitting zero-energy state inside the superconducting gap, which has been proposed as a field-free platform for topological zero modes. However, it is still unclear how robust the topological state in PbTaSe₂ is against magnetic impurities, which is related to the topological nature of the zero-energy state as well as its potential for quantum computation. In this paper, we use scanning tunneling microscopy to study the topological surface state in the normal state of PbTaSe₂ under the perturbation of magnetic impurities. We visualize the quasiparticle interference (QPI) arising from the topological surface state. We then deposit Fe impurities on the surface to form atomic Fe adatoms. We find that each Fe adatom sits at a unique interstitial position on the surface and features a local state at high energies, both of which are consistent with our first-principles calculation that further reveals its large magnetic moment. Our systematic Fe deposition and subsequent measurements show that the arclike QPI pattern at the Fermi energy is robust with up to 3% Fe coverage where the atomic nature of Fe adatoms still holds. Our results provide evidence that the topological surface state at the Fermi energy in PbTaSe₂ is robust against dilute magnetic impurities.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1825495

Journal Information:: Physical Review B, Vol. 104, Issue 7; ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (35)

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Atomic-Scale Visualization of Quantum Interference on a Weyl Semimetal Surface by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Zheng, Hao; Xu, Su-Yang; Bian, Guang ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b06807	journal	December 2015
Fermion–boson many-body interplay in a frustrated kagome paramagnet Yin, J. -X.; Shumiya, Nana; Mardanya, Sougata Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17464-2	journal	August 2020
Colloquium : Majorana fermions in nuclear, particle, and solid-state physics Elliott, Steven R.; Franz, Marcel Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 87, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.87.137	journal	February 2015
Projector augmented-wave method Blöchl, P. E. Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 24, p. 17953-17979 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.17953	journal	December 1994
Quantum-limit Chern topological magnetism in TbMn6Sn6 Yin, Jia-Xin; Ma, Wenlong; Cochran, Tyler A. Nature, Vol. 583, Issue 7817 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2482-7	journal	July 2020
Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J. Computational Materials Science, Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 15-50 https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-0256(96)00008-0	journal	July 1996
Observation of magnetic adatom-induced Majorana vortex and its hybridization with field-induced Majorana vortex in an iron-based superconductor Fan, Peng; Yang, Fazhi; Qian, Guojian Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21646-x	journal	March 2021
Field-free platform for Majorana-like zero mode in superconductors with a topological surface state Zhang, Songtian S.; Yin, Jia-Xin; Dai, Guangyang Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.100507	journal	March 2020
Topological nodal-line fermions in spin-orbit metal PbTaSe2 Bian, Guang; Chang, Tay-Rong; Sankar, Raman Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10556	journal	February 2016
Spatial fluctuations of helical Dirac fermions on the surface of topological insulators Beidenkopf, Haim; Roushan, Pedram; Seo, Jungpil Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2108	journal	October 2011
Unconventional chiral charge order in kagome superconductor KV3Sb5 Jiang, Yu-Xiao; Yin, Jia-Xin; Denner, M. Michael Nature Materials https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01034-y	journal	June 2021
Ab initio molecular dynamics for open-shell transition metals Kresse, G.; Hafner, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 48, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.48.13115	journal	November 1993
Signatures of Dirac fermion-mediated magnetic order Sessi, Paolo; Reis, Felix; Bathon, Thomas Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6349	journal	October 2014
Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 54, Issue 16, p. 11169-11186 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11169	journal	October 1996
Atomic-Scale Visualization of Quasiparticle Interference on a Type-II Weyl Semimetal Surface Zheng, Hao; Bian, Guang; Chang, Guoqing Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.266804	journal	December 2016
Quantum Phase Transition of Correlated Iron-Based Superconductivity in ${LiFe}_{1 - x} {Co}_{x} As$ Yin, Jia-Xin; Zhang, Songtian S.; Dai, Guangyang Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.217004	journal	November 2019
Superconducting topological surface states in the noncentrosymmetric bulk superconductor PbTaSe ₂ Guan, Syu-You; Chen, Peng-Jen; Chu, Ming-Wen Science Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600894	journal	November 2016
From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method Kresse, G.; Joubert, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 3, p. 1758-1775 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1758	journal	January 1999
Topological Dirac surface states and superconducting pairing correlations in ${PbTaSe}_{2}$ Chang, Tay-Rong; Chen, Peng-Jen; Bian, Guang Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.245130	journal	June 2016
Search for Majorana Fermions in Superconductors Beenakker, C. W. J. Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-030212-184337	journal	April 2013
Observation of a robust zero-energy bound state in iron-based superconductor Fe(Te,Se) Yin, J-X.; Wu, Zheng; Wang, J-H. Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3371	journal	June 2015
Noncentrosymmetric superconductor with a bulk three-dimensional Dirac cone gapped by strong spin-orbit coupling Ali, Mazhar N.; Gibson, Quinn D.; Klimczuk, T. Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.020505	journal	January 2014
Topological surface states protected from backscattering by chiral spin texture Roushan, Pedram; Seo, Jungpil; Parker, Colin V. Nature, Vol. 460, Issue 7259, p. 1106-1109 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08308	journal	August 2009
Zero-energy bound states in the high-temperature superconductors at the two-dimensional limit Liu, Chaofei; Chen, Cheng; Liu, Xiaoqiang Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax7547	journal	March 2020
Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator Fu, Liang; Kane, C. L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096407	journal	March 2008
Hexagonal Warping Effects in the Surface States of the Topological Insulator ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3}$ Fu, Liang Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.266801	journal	December 2009
Experimental Demonstration of Topological Surface States Protected by Time-Reversal Symmetry Zhang, Tong; Cheng, Peng; Chen, Xi Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 26, Article No. 266803 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.266803	journal	December 2009
Negative flat band magnetism in a spin–orbit-coupled correlated kagome magnet Yin, Jia-Xin; Zhang, Songtian S.; Chang, Guoqing Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0426-7	journal	February 2019
A generalized scheme for niobium and tantalum dichalcogenides intercalated with post-transition elements Eppinga, R.; Wiegers, G. A. Physica B+C, Vol. 99, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4363(80)90219-3	journal	January 1980
Superconducting properties in single crystals of the topological nodal semimetal ${PbTaSe}_{2}$ Zhang, Cheng-Long; Yuan, Zhujun; Bian, Guang Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.054520	journal	February 2016
Topological superconductors: a review Sato, Masatoshi; Ando, Yoichi Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/aa6ac7	journal	May 2017
Direct Observation of Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry on the Surface of a Magnetically Doped Topological Insulator Okada, Yoshinori; Dhital, Chetan; Zhou, Wenwen Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.206805	journal	May 2011
Probing topological quantum matter with scanning tunnelling microscopy Yin, Jia-Xin; Pan, Shuheng H.; Zahid Hasan, M. Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00293-7	journal	March 2021
Giant and anisotropic many-body spin–orbit tunability in a strongly correlated kagome magnet Yin, Jia-Xin; Zhang, Songtian S.; Li, Hang Nature, Vol. 562, Issue 7725 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0502-7	journal	September 2018

Similar Records

Field-free platform for Majorana-like zero mode in superconductors with a topological surface state

Journal Article · Tue Mar 31 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review B · OSTI ID:1825495

Zhang, Songtian S.; Yin, Jia-Xin; Dai, Guangyang; +22 more

Topological nodal-line fermions in spin-orbit metal PbTaSe2

Journal Article · Tue Feb 02 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Nature Communications · OSTI ID:1825495

Bian, Guang; Chang, Tay-Rong; Sankar, Raman; +21 more

Visualizing discrete Fermi surfaces and possible nodal-line to Weyl state evolution in ZrSiTe

Journal Article · Thu May 26 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · npj Quantum Materials · OSTI ID:1825495

Bian, Qi; Li, Shaojian; Luo, Aiyun; +9 more

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
First-principles calculations
Topological materials
Scanning tunneling microscopy

Title: Robust topological state against magnetic impurities observed in the superconductor PbTaSe2

Citation Formats

References (35)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: Robust topological state against magnetic impurities observed in the superconductor PbTaSe₂