Cellular remains in a ~3.42-billion-year-old subseafloor hydrothermal environment

Cavalazzi, Barbara; Lemelle, Laurence; Simionovici, Alexandre; Cady, Sherry L.; Russell, Michael J.; Bailo, Elena; Canteri, R; Enrico, E; Manceau, Alain; Maris, A; Salome, M; Thomassot, Emilie; Bouden, N; Tucoulou, R; Hofmann, A

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abf3963

Title: Cellular remains in a ~3.42-billion-year-old subseafloor hydrothermal environment

Journal Article · Wed Jul 14 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf3963· OSTI ID:1819941

Cavalazzi, Barbara ^[1]; Lemelle, Laurence ^[2]; Simionovici, Alexandre ^[3];

^[4]; Russell, Michael J. ^[5]; Bailo, Elena ^[6]; Canteri, R ^[7]; Enrico, E ^[8]; Manceau, Alain ^[3]; Maris, A ^[1]; Salome, M ^[9]; Thomassot, Emilie ^[10]; Bouden, N ^[10]; Tucoulou, R ^[9]; Hofmann, A ^[11]

Universita di Bologna
Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1
University Grenoble Alpes
BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
University of Turin
WITec GmbH
Fondazione Bruno Kessler
Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica
European Synchrotron Research Facility
Universite de Lorraine
University of Johannesburg

Subsurface habitats on Earth host an extensive extant biosphere and likely provided one of Earth’s earliest microbial habitats. Though the site of life’s emergence continues to be debated, evidence of early life provides insights into its early evolution1. Here we present our discovery of exceptionally well-preserved ~3.40-billion-years-old carbonaceous filamentous microfossils that inhabited a paleo-subseafloor hydrothermal vein system of the Barberton greenstone belt (BGB) in South Africa. The distribution of the microfossils in growth position on the walls of the initial conduits created by low- temperature hydrothermal fluid and their morphological and chemical characteristics as investigated over a range of scales, are consistent with an assemblage of methanogens that thrived in an ultramafic volcanic substrate.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1819941

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-158859

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 29; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAAS

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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