Quantile-dependent expressivity of plasma adiponectin concentrations may explain its sex-specific heritability, gene-environment interactions, and genotype-specific response to postprandial lipemia

Journal Article · Wed Oct 14 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · PeerJ

DOI:https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10099· OSTI ID:1816079

Williams, Paul T. ^[1]

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1. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging; OSTI

“Quantile-dependent expressivity” occurs when the effect size of a genetic variant depends upon whether the phenotype (e.g. adiponectin) is high or low relative to its distribution. We have previously shown that the heritability ( h² ) of adiposity, lipoproteins, postprandial lipemia, pulmonary function, and coffee and alcohol consumption are quantile-specific. Whether adiponectin heritability is quantile specific remains to be determined. Plasma adiponectin concentrations from 4,182 offspring-parent pairs and 1,662 sibships from the Framingham Heart Study were analyzed. Quantile-specific heritability from offspring-parent (β_OP, h² = 2 β _OP/(1 + r_spouse)) and full-sib regression slopes ( β _FS, h² = {(1 + 8r_spouseβ_FS)^0.05-1}/(2r_spouse)) were robustly estimated by quantile regression with nonparametric significance assigned from 1,000 bootstrap samples. Quantile-specific h² (± SE) increased with increasing percentiles of the offspring’s age- and sex-adjusted adiponectin distribution when estimated from β _OP( P _trend = 2.2 × 10^-6): 0.30 ± 0.03 at the 10th, 0.33 ± 0.04 at the 25th, 0.43 ± 0.04 at the 50th, 0.55 ± 0.05 at the 75th, and 0.57 ± 0.08 at the 90th percentile, and when estimated from β _FS(Ptrend = 7.6 × 10^-7): 0.42 ± 0.03 at the 10th, 0.44 ± 0.04 at the 25th, 0.56 ± 0.05 at the 50th, 0.73 ± 0.08 at the 75th, and 0.79 ± 0.11 at the 90th percentile. Consistent with quantile-dependent expressivity, adiponectin’s: (1) heritability was greater in women in accordance with their higher adiponection concentrations; (2) relationships to ADIPOQ polymorphisms were modified by adiposity in accordance with its adiponectin-lowering effect; (3) response to rosiglitazone was predicted by the 45T> G ADIPOQ polymorphism; (4) difference by ADIPOQ haplotypes increased linearly with increasing postprandial adiponectin concentrations. Adiponectin heritability is quantile dependent, which may explain sex-specific heritability, gene-environment and gene-drug interactions, and postprandial response by haplotypes.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-05CH11231
• OSTI ID: 1816079
• Journal Information: PeerJ, Journal Name: PeerJ Vol. 8; ISSN 2167-8359
• Publisher: PeerJ Inc.
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

Postprandial
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
ADIPOQ
Adiponectin
Diabetes
GWAS
Genetics
Insulin resistance
Sex
Weight loss