STEM and APT characterization of scale formation on a La,Hf,Ti-doped NiCrAl model alloy

Unocic, Kinga; Chen, Yimeng; Shin, Dongwon; Pint, Bruce; Marquis, E A.

doi:10.1016/j.micron.2018.01.011

STEM and APT characterization of scale formation on a La,Hf,Ti-doped NiCrAl model alloy

Journal Article · Sat Apr 07 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Micron

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2018.01.011· OSTI ID:1814407

^[1]; Chen, Yimeng ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Marquis, E A. ^[3]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Cameca Instruments Corp., Madison, WI (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

A thermally grown scale formed on a cast NiCrAl model alloy doped with lanthanum, hafnium, and titanium was examined after isothermal exposure at 1100 °C for 100 h in dry flowing O₂ to understand the dopant segregation along scale grain boundaries. The complex scale formed on the alloy surface was composed of two types of substrates: phase-dependent, thin (<250 nm) outer layers and a columnar-grained ~3.5 μm inner alumina layer. Two types of oxides formed between the inner and outer scale layers: small (3–15 nm) La₂O₃ and larger (≤50 nm) HfO₂ oxide precipitates. Nonuniform distributions of the hafnium, lanthanum, and titanium dopants were observed along the inner scale grain boundaries, with hafnium dominating in most of the grain boundaries of α-Al₂O₃. The concentration of reactive elements (RE) seemed to strongly depend on the grain boundary structure. The level of titanium grain boundary segregation in the inner scale decreased toward the model alloy (substrate), confirming the fast outward diffusion of titanium. Hafnium was also observed at the metal–scale interface and in the γ' (Ni₃Al) phase of the alloy. High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) confirmed the substitution of REs for aluminum atoms at the scale grain boundaries, consistent with both the semiconducting band structure and the site-blocking models. Both STEM and atom probe tomography allowed quantification of REs along the scale grain boundaries across the scale thickness. Analysis of the scale morphology after isothermal exposure in flowing oxygen revealed a myriad of new precipitate phases, RE segregation dependence on grain boundary type, and atomic arrangement along scale grain boundaries, which is expected to influence the scale growth rate, stability, and mechanical properties.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1814407

Journal Information:: Micron, Journal Name: Micron Vol. 109; ISSN 0968-4328

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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