Effect of compensatory immigration on the genetic structure of coyotes

Kierepka, Elizabeth M.; Kilgo, John C.; Rhodes, Jr., Olin E.

doi:10.1002/jwmg.21320

Effect of compensatory immigration on the genetic structure of coyotes

Journal Article · Fri Jul 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Wildlife Management

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21320· OSTI ID:1813751

Kierepka, Elizabeth M. ^[1]; Kilgo, John C. ^[2]; Rhodes, Jr., Olin E. ^[3]

Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States); Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Lab. (SREL); Savannah River Ecology Laboratory
USDA Forest Service, New Ellenton, SC (United States)
Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States); Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Lab. (SREL)

Despite efforts to reduce their impacts on livestock and native ungulates within the southeastern United States, coyotes (Canis latrans) are able to recover from control programs. It is unknown how coyotes compensate for high mortality following trapping, so there is great interest to identify methods that can provide insight into coyote response to intensive trapping. To investigate if population genetic tools can decipher how coyotes recover from intensive trapping, we combined an empirical test of how genetic differentiation, diversity, and familial structure changed following trapping on the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina with spatially explicit genetic simulations.The empirical dataset found that pre- and post-trapping periods had similar genetic diversities and were not genetically differentiated as expected by either compensatory reproduction or immigration from a single genetic source. The post-trapping coyote populations exhibited weaker signatures of philopatry with little evidence for increased dispersal distances of young coyotes, which suggests immigration caused a decrease in familial structure. Our simulations indicated that spatial autocorrelation coefficients and observed heterozygosities change as immigration increases while population differentiation, allelic richness, and displacement distances do not. Collectively, our results suggest that coyotes recover from intensive trapping via both reproduction and immigration, which likely makes preventing compensation difficult. Furthermore, monitoring post-trapping populations may offer more insight into maximizing the effectiveness of control efforts, and based on our simulations, population genetics can provide critical information about the amount of compensatory immigration following trapping.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Lab. (SREL)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AI09-00SR22188; FC09-07SR22506

OSTI ID:: 1813751

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1537582
OSTI ID: 1399793

Journal Information:: Journal of Wildlife Management, Journal Name: Journal of Wildlife Management Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 81; ISSN 0022-541X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Canis latrans
South Carolina
compensatory immigration
compensatory reproduction trapping
coyote
spatial autocorrelation

Effect of compensatory immigration on the genetic structure of coyotes

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