Investigation of the background in coherent J/ψ production at the EIC
Abstract
Understanding various fundamental properties of nucleons and nuclei is among the most important scientific goals at the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). With the unprecedented opportunity provided by the next-generation machine, the EIC might provide definitive answers to many standing puzzles and open questions in modern nuclear physics. We investigate one of the golden measurements proposed at the EIC, which is to obtain the spatial gluon density distribution within a lead (Pb) nucleus. The proposed experimental process is the exclusive J/ψ vector-meson production off the Pb nucleus: e + Pb → e' + J/ψ + Pb'. The Fourier transformation of the momentum transfer |t| distribution of the coherent diffraction is the transverse gluon spatial distribution. In order to measure it, the experiment has to overcome an overwhelmingly large background arising from the incoherent diffractive production, where the nucleus Pb' mostly breaks up into fragments of particles in the far-forward direction close to the hadron-going beam rapidity. We systematically study the rejection of incoherent J/ψ production by vetoing products from these nuclear breakups—protons, neutrons, and photons—which is based on the BeAGLE event generator and the most up-to-date EIC Far-forward Interaction Region design. The achieved vetoing efficiency, the ratio between the numbers ofmore »
- Authors:
-
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan (China); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Mark D. Baker Physics and Detector Simulations LLC, Miller Place, NY (United States)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook, NY (United States)
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan (China)
- China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (CUG), (China)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1813340
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-221991-2021-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010; TRN: US2213324
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review D
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 104; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; Electron-ion collisions; QCD in nuclear reactions
Citation Formats
Chang, Wan, Aschenauer, Elke-Caroline, Baker, Mark D., Jentsch, Alexander, Lee, Jeong-Hun, Tu, Zhoudunming, Yin, Zhongbao, and Zheng, Liang. Investigation of the background in coherent J/ψ production at the EIC. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.114030.
Chang, Wan, Aschenauer, Elke-Caroline, Baker, Mark D., Jentsch, Alexander, Lee, Jeong-Hun, Tu, Zhoudunming, Yin, Zhongbao, & Zheng, Liang. Investigation of the background in coherent J/ψ production at the EIC. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.114030
Chang, Wan, Aschenauer, Elke-Caroline, Baker, Mark D., Jentsch, Alexander, Lee, Jeong-Hun, Tu, Zhoudunming, Yin, Zhongbao, and Zheng, Liang. 2021.
"Investigation of the background in coherent J/ψ production at the EIC". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.114030. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1813340.
@article{osti_1813340,
title = {Investigation of the background in coherent J/ψ production at the EIC},
author = {Chang, Wan and Aschenauer, Elke-Caroline and Baker, Mark D. and Jentsch, Alexander and Lee, Jeong-Hun and Tu, Zhoudunming and Yin, Zhongbao and Zheng, Liang},
abstractNote = {Understanding various fundamental properties of nucleons and nuclei is among the most important scientific goals at the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). With the unprecedented opportunity provided by the next-generation machine, the EIC might provide definitive answers to many standing puzzles and open questions in modern nuclear physics. We investigate one of the golden measurements proposed at the EIC, which is to obtain the spatial gluon density distribution within a lead (Pb) nucleus. The proposed experimental process is the exclusive J/ψ vector-meson production off the Pb nucleus: e + Pb → e' + J/ψ + Pb'. The Fourier transformation of the momentum transfer |t| distribution of the coherent diffraction is the transverse gluon spatial distribution. In order to measure it, the experiment has to overcome an overwhelmingly large background arising from the incoherent diffractive production, where the nucleus Pb' mostly breaks up into fragments of particles in the far-forward direction close to the hadron-going beam rapidity. We systematically study the rejection of incoherent J/ψ production by vetoing products from these nuclear breakups—protons, neutrons, and photons—which is based on the BeAGLE event generator and the most up-to-date EIC Far-forward Interaction Region design. The achieved vetoing efficiency, the ratio between the numbers of vetoed events and total incoherent events, ranges from about 80% to 99% depending on |t|. Assuming a 5% smearing applied to the reconstructed |t| resolution in the Sar t re model, this vetoing efficiency can suppress the incoherent background to at least the first minimum of the coherent |t| distribution. Experimental and accelerator machine challenges as well as potential improvements are discussed herein.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevd.104.114030},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1813340},
journal = {Physical Review D},
issn = {2470-0010},
number = 11,
volume = 104,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 27 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Mon Dec 27 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Coherent $$\mathrm{J}/\psi $$ and $${\uppsi '}$$ photoproduction at midrapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm {NN}}}~=~5.02$$ TeV
journal, August 2021
- Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A.
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 81, Issue 8
Low-Energy Intranuclear Cascade Calculation
journal, August 1963
- Bertini, Hugo W.
- Physical Review, Vol. 131, Issue 4
Saturation physics and deuteron–gold collisions at RHIC
journal, January 2006
- Jalilianmarian, J.; Kovchegov, Y.
- Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 56, Issue 1
STARlight: A Monte Carlo simulation program for ultra-peripheral collisions of relativistic ions
journal, March 2017
- Klein, Spencer R.; Nystrand, Joakim; Seger, Janet
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 212
EPS09 — A new generation of NLO and LO nuclear parton distribution functions
journal, April 2009
- Eskola, K. J.; Paukkunen, H.; Salgado, C. A.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2009, Issue 04
Incoherent diffractive production in high-energy nuclear deep-inelastic scattering
journal, June 2011
- Lappi, T.; Mäntysaari, H.
- Physical Review C, Vol. 83, Issue 6
Hard nuclear processes and microscopic nuclear structure
journal, April 1988
- Frankfurt, Leonid; Strikman, Mark
- Physics Reports, Vol. 160, Issue 5-6
The FLUKA Code: Developments and Challenges for High Energy and Medical Applications
journal, June 2014
- Böhlen, T. T.; Cerutti, F.; Chin, M. P. W.
- Nuclear Data Sheets, Vol. 120
The Color Glass Condensate
journal, November 2010
- Gelis, Francois; Iancu, Edmond; Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
- Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 60, Issue 1
Coherent J/ ψ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at with the CMS experiment
journal, September 2017
- Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 772
Evolution at small : The color glass condensate
journal, October 2005
- Weigert, H.
- Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 55, Issue 2
Determination of electron-nucleus collision geometry with forward neutrons
journal, December 2014
- Zheng, L.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Lee, J. H.
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 50, Issue 12
PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual
journal, May 2006
- Sjöstrand, Torbjörn; Mrenna, Stephen; Skands, Peter
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2006, Issue 05
Measurement of Momentum and Angular Distributions from Linearly Polarized Photon Collisions
journal, July 2021
- Adam, J.; Adamczyk, L.; Adams, J. R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 127, Issue 5
Nuclear Decay Following Deep Inelastic Scattering of 470 GeV Muons
journal, June 1995
- Adams, M. R.; Aïd, S.; Anthony, P. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 74, Issue 26
Exclusive diffractive processes in electron-ion collisions
journal, February 2013
- Toll, Tobias; Ullrich, Thomas
- Physical Review C, Vol. 87, Issue 2
Investigating the gluonic structure of nuclei via scattering
journal, February 2010
- Caldwell, A.; Kowalski, H.
- Physical Review C, Vol. 81, Issue 2
First measurement of the |t|-dependence of coherent J/ψ photonuclear production
journal, June 2021
- Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 817
First measurement of coherent ρ0 photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Xe–Xe collisions at TeV
journal, September 2021
- Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 820
Coherent photoproduction of ρ0 vector mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{{\mathrm{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ = 5.02 TeV
journal, June 2020
- Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 6
Investigating saturation effects in ultraperipheral collisions at the LHC with the color dipole model
journal, April 2020
- Sambasivam, Bharath; Toll, Tobias; Ullrich, Thomas
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 803
The dipole model Monte Carlo generator Sartre 1
journal, June 2014
- Toll, Tobias; Ullrich, Thomas
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 185, Issue 6
Electron-Ion Collider: The next QCD frontier: Understanding the glue that binds us all
journal, September 2016
- Accardi, A.; Albacete, J. L.; Anselmino, M.
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 52, Issue 9
Diffraction Dissociation of Beam Particles
journal, December 1960
- Good, M. L.; Walker, W. D.
- Physical Review, Vol. 120, Issue 5
Geant4—a simulation toolkit
journal, July 2003
- Agostinelli, S.; Allison, J.; Amako, K.
- Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 506, Issue 3
Cascade particles, nuclear evaporation, and residual nuclei in high energy hadron-nucleus interactions
journal, April 1996
- Ferrari, A.; Ranft, J.; Roesler, S.
- Zeitschrift f�r Physik C Particles and Fields, Vol. 70, Issue 3
QCD at small x : From Color Glass Condensate to Pomerons and Odderons and more
journal, January 2014
- Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
- EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 66
Coherent diffractive photoproduction of mesons on gold nuclei at 200 GeV/nucleon-pair at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
journal, November 2017
- Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.
- Physical Review C, Vol. 96, Issue 5
Probing short-range correlations in the deuteron via incoherent diffractive J/ψ production with spectator tagging at the EIC
journal, December 2020
- Tu, Zhoudunming; Jentsch, Alexander; Baker, Mark
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 811
Coherent ρ 0 photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at s N N = 2.76 $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76 $$ TeV
journal, September 2015
- Adam, J.; Adamová, D.; Aggarwal, M. M.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2015, Issue 9
Erratum: Nuclear Decay Following Deep Inelastic Scattering of 470 GeV Muons [Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 5198 (1995)]
journal, March 1998
- Adams, M. R.; Aïd, S.; Anthony, P. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 80, Issue 9