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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 21-6-9 Stainless Steel Electron Beam Welds

Journal Article · · Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. A, Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
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Welds can either be stronger or weaker than the base metals that they join depending on the microstructures that form in the fusion and heat-affected zones of the weld. In this paper, weld strengthening in the fusion zone of annealed 21-6-9 stainless steel is investigated using cross-weld tensile samples, hardness testing, and microstructural characterization. Due to the stronger nature of the weld, the cross-weld tensile tests failed in the base metal and were not able to generate true fusion zone mechanical properties. Nanoindentation with a spherical indenter was instead used to predict the tensile behavior for the weld metal. Extrapolation of the nanoindentation results to higher strains was performed using the Steinberg–Guinan and Johnson–Cook strength models, and the results can be used for weld strength modeling purposes. The results illustrate how microstructural refinement and residual ferrite formation in the weld fusion zone can be an effective strengthener for 21-6-9 stainless steel.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344
OSTI ID:
1812985
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL--682038; 805502
Journal Information:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. A, Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, Journal Name: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. A, Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 48; ISSN 1073-5623
Publisher:
ASM InternationalCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (5)

Microstructural development during solidification of stainless steel alloys journal October 1989
Effect of shock deformation on the residual strength and microstructure of nitronic 40 stainless steel journal December 1981
Determination of the effective zero-point and the extraction of spherical nanoindentation stress–strain curves journal August 2008
A constitutive model for metals applicable at high‐strain rate journal March 1980
An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments journal June 1992

Cited By (1)

Evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr after heat treatments journal April 2019

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Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Cross-Weld Tensile Testing
Electron Beam Welding
Hardness
Nanoindentation
Quasi-static Strain Rate
Stainless Steel
Weld Strength Modeling