Simulating Turbulence-aided Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernova Explosions in One Dimension

Couch, Sean M.; Warren, MacKenzie L.; O’Connor, Evan P.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab609e

Simulating Turbulence-aided Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernova Explosions in One Dimension

Journal Article · Wed Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2020 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab609e· OSTI ID:1802777

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). National Superconducting Cyclotron Lab. and Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Michigan State University
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics
Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)

The core-collapse supernova (CCSN) mechanism is fundamentally 3D, with instabilities, convection, and turbulence playing crucial roles in aiding neutrino-driven explosions. Simulations of CCNSe including accurate treatments of neutrino transport and sufficient resolution to capture key instabilities remain among the most expensive numerical simulations in astrophysics, prohibiting large parameter studies in 2D and 3D. Studies spanning a large swath of the incredibly varied initial conditions of CCSNe are possible in 1D, though such simulations must be artificially driven to explode. We present a new method for including the most important effects of convection and turbulence in 1D simulations of neutrino-driven CCSNe, called Supernova Turbulence In Reduced-dimensionality, or STIR. Our new approach includes crucial terms resulting from the turbulent and convective motions of the flow. We estimate the strength of convection and turbulence using a modified mixinglength theory approach, introducing a few free parameters to the model that are fit to the results of 3D simulations. For sufficiently large values of the mixing-length parameter, turbulence-aided neutrino-driven explosions are obtained. We compare the results of STIR to high-fidelity 3D simulations and perform a parameter study of CCSN explosion using 200 solar-metallicity progenitor models from 9 to 120 M_⊙. We find that STIR is a better predictor of which models will explode in multidimensional simulations than other methods of driving explosions in 1D. We also present a preliminary investigation of predicted observable characteristics of the CCSN population from STIR, such as the distributions of explosion energies and remnant masses.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0015904; SC0017955

OSTI ID:: 1802777

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 23086548

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online) Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 890; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The Nuclear Equation of State and Neutron Star Masses Lattimer, James M. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 62, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102711-095018	journal	November 2012
The Physics of Supernova Explosions Woosley, S. E.; Weaver, Thomas A. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 24, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.24.090186.001225	journal	September 1986
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIONS IN AXISYMMETRIC AB INITIO CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA SIMULATIONS OF 12–25 ${M}_{\odot }$ STARS Bruenn, Stephen W.; Lentz, Eric J.; Hix, W. Raphael The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 818, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/123	journal	February 2016
A Two-Parameter Criterion for Classifying the Explodability of Massive Stars by the Neutrino-Driven Mechanism Ertl, T.; Janka, H. -Th.; Woosley, S. E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 818, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/124	journal	February 2016
Neutrino-Driven Convection in Core-Collapse Supernovae: High-Resolution Simulations Radice, David; Ott, Christian D.; Abdikamalov, Ernazar The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 820, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/1/76	journal	March 2016
Core-Collapse Supernovae from 9 to 120 Solar Masses Based on Neutrino-Powered Explosions Sukhbold, Tuguldur; Ertl, T.; Woosley, S. E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 821, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/821/1/38	journal	April 2016
Progenitor-Dependent Explosion Dynamics in Self-Consistent, Axisymmetric Simulations of Neutrino-Driven Core-Collapse Supernovae Summa, Alexander; Hanke, Florian; Janka, Hans-Thomas The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 825, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/6	journal	June 2016
General-Relativistic Three-Dimensional Multi-Group Neutrino Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae Roberts, Luke F.; Ott, Christian D.; Haas, Roland The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 831, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/831/1/98	journal	October 2016
The last Minutes of Oxygen Shell Burning in a Massive star Müller, Bernhard; Viallet, Maxime; Heger, Alexander The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 833, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/124	journal	December 2016
An Integral Condition for Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions Murphy, Jeremiah W.; Dolence, Joshua C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 834, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/183	journal	January 2017
Rotation-supported Neutrino-driven Supernova Explosions in Three Dimensions and the Critical Luminosity Condition Summa, Alexander; Janka, Hans-Thomas; Melson, Tobias The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 852, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9ce8	journal	January 2018
Two-dimensional Core-collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport O’Connor, Evan P.; Couch, Sean M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 854, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa893	journal	February 2018
How Turbulence Enables Core-collapse Supernova Explosions Mabanta, Quintin A.; Murphy, Jeremiah W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaaec7	journal	March 2018
Confronting Models of Massive Star Evolution and Explosions with Remnant Mass Measurements Raithel, Carolyn A.; Sukhbold, Tuguldur; Özel, Feryal The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab09b	journal	March 2018
Equation of State Dependent Dynamics and Multi-messenger Signals from Stellar-mass Black Hole Formation Pan, Kuo-Chuan; Liebendörfer, Matthias; Couch, Sean M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 857, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab71d	journal	April 2018
Exploring Fundamentally Three-dimensional Phenomena in High-fidelity Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae O’Connor, Evan P.; Couch, Sean M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 865, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aadcf7	journal	September 2018
PUSHing Core-collapse Supernovae to Explosions in Spherical Symmetry. II. Explodability and Remnant Properties Ebinger, Kevin; Curtis, Sanjana; Fröhlich, Carla The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae7c9	journal	December 2018
PUSHing Core-collapse Supernovae to Explosions in Spherical Symmetry. III. Nucleosynthesis Yields Curtis, Sanjana; Ebinger, Kevin; Fröhlich, Carla The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae7d2	journal	December 2018
Convection-aided Explosions in One-dimensional Core-collapse Supernova Simulations. I. Technique and Validation Mabanta, Quintin A.; Murphy, Jeremiah W.; Dolence, Joshua C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4bcc	journal	December 2019
On Variations of Pre-Supernova Model Properties Farmer, R.; Fields, C. E.; Petermann, I. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 227, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/227/2/22	journal	December 2016
Fornax: A Flexible Code for Multiphysics Astrophysical Simulations Skinner, M. Aaron; Dolence, Joshua C.; Burrows, Adam The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 241, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab007f	journal	February 2019
Black Hole Formation and Fallback during the Supernova Explosion of a 40 M _⊙ Star Chan, Conrad; Müller, Bernhard; Heger, Alexander The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 852, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa28c	journal	January 2018
The Progenitor Dependence of Core-collapse Supernovae from Three-dimensional Simulations with Progenitor Models of 12–40 M _⊙ Ott, Christian D.; Roberts, Luke F.; da Silva Schneider, André The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa967	journal	February 2018
Characterizing the Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-collapse Supernovae Radice, David; Morozova, Viktoriya; Burrows, Adam The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 876, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab191a	journal	April 2019

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