Ultrastructure of the green alga Dunaliella salina strain CCAP19/18 (Chlorophyta) as investigated by quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy

Polle, Jürgen E. W.; Roth, Robyn; Ben-Amotz, Ami; Goodenough, Ursula

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2020.101953

Ultrastructure of the green alga Dunaliella salina strain CCAP19/18 (Chlorophyta) as investigated by quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy

Journal Article · Thu May 28 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Algal Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2020.101953· OSTI ID:1799158

Polle, Jürgen E. W. ^[1]; Roth, Robyn ^[2]; Ben-Amotz, Ami ^[3]; Goodenough, Ursula ^[4]

City Univ. of New York (CUNY), NY (United States); OSTI
Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States). School of Medicine
The National Institute of Oceanography, Haifa (Israel)
Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States)

The single-celled green alga Dunaliella salina is a model system for studies on stress biology, in particular regarding secondary carotenoid accumulation. Under non-stress conditions the cells are green, but under abiotic stress the cells turn orange, because they switch their metabolism and accumulate β-Carotene in globules in the chloroplast. For the first time, Quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy was used to visualize cellular structures in green and orange cells of D. salina strain CCAP19/18. This allowed us to present an in-depth analysis of the cellular ultrastructure describing and comparing the features of the two cell types. Our images illustrate the presence of a pericellular matrix for this strain of D. salina. The pericellular matrix was spongy and strands of unknown material anchored it into the plasma membrane. The cytoplasm contained a variety of vesicles, vacuoles, and acidocalcisomes. We could show for strain CCAP19/18 that cytoplasmic lipid bodies were often in close proximity to and sometimes in contact with the outer chloroplast envelope membrane and with the endoplasmic reticulum. Major visible differences between green and orange cells were in the chloroplast: the orange cells have greatly reduced amounts of thylakoid membranes and greatly increased numbers of β-Carotene globules. We showed that the β-Carotene globules often made point contacts with thylakoid membranes, and frequently laid side-by-side along the thylakoid membrane surface, providing support to studies that indicated exchange of molecules between β-Carotene globules and thylakoid membranes. A unique finding was the β-Carotene globule duplets, suggesting intermediate stages in β-Carotene globule morphogenesis. Overall, the β-Carotene globules appear to be similar to plant plastoglobuli. We provide this description of the cellular ultrastructure features as a resource in the context of the recent publication of the genome of D. salina strain CCAP19/18 to expand on the knowledge regarding this novel reference strain.

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Research Organization:: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO (United States); Washington University, St. Louis, MO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0003046; SC0006873

OSTI ID:: 1799158

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1631074

Journal Information:: Algal Research, Journal Name: Algal Research Journal Issue: C Vol. 49; ISSN 2211-9264

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Ultrastructure of the green alga Dunaliella salina strain CCAP19/18 (Chlorophyta) as investigated by quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy

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