Chemometric optimisation of pressurised liquid extraction for the determination of alliin and S‐allyl‐cysteine in giant garlic ( Allium ampeloprasum L.) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Genética de Alimentos. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos. Facultad de Farmacia Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
- Laboratorio de Bioprocesos. Departamento de Agroindustrias. Facultad de Ingeniería Agrícola Universidad de Concepción Chillán Chile
- Laboratorio de Foodomics Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC‐UAM) Madrid Spain
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Fármacos y Alimentos, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
Giant garlic is a functional food that contains different kinds of bioactive molecules with beneficial effects on chronic noncommunicable diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. Considering biosynthesis pathways, abundance, and biological activity, alliin and S‐allyl‐cysteine were used as chemical markers of organosulphur compounds present in giant garlic.
ObjectiveTo establish a chemometric optimisation of pressurised liquid extraction for the determination of alliin and S‐allyl‐cysteine in giant garlic by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).
MethodologySamples were blanched (ca. 90°C for 10 min) to inactivate alliinase and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase enzymes and then freeze‐dried. Chemometric optimisation was performed via response surface methodology based on central composite design (CCD). Organosulphur compound yields were determined applying a validated LC–MS/MS method in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using the following transitions: for alliin m/z 178 → 74 and for S‐allyl‐cysteine m/z 162 → 41.
ResultsAccording to CCD results, under constant conditions of pressure (1500 psi) and time (20 min), the optimal conditions for pressurised liquid extraction of alliin and S‐allyl‐cysteine were 70.75 and 68.97% v/v of ethanol in extraction solvent and 76.45 and 98.88°C as extraction temperature, respectively. Multiple response optimisation for the simultaneous extraction of both organosulphur compounds was established via desirability function. Under these conditions, 2.70 ± 0.27 mg g −1 dry weight (DW) of alliin and 2.79 ± 0.22 mg g −1 DW of S‐allyl‐cysteine were extracted.
ConclusionsThese results clearly demonstrated that pressurised liquid extraction is an efficient green technique to extract bioactive organosulphur compounds from giant garlic. Extraction yields were significantly ( p < 0.05) higher than those obtained with conventional ultra‐turrax extraction.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- OSTI ID:
- 1786529
- Journal Information:
- Phytochemical Analysis, Journal Name: Phytochemical Analysis Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 32; ISSN 0958-0344
- Publisher:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
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