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Title: Soil biogeochemistry across Central and South American tropical dry forests

Journal Article · · Ecological Monographs
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1453· OSTI ID:1785573
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [5];  [7];  [8]; ORCiD logo [9];  [10]; ORCiD logo [11]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [12]; ORCiD logo [13]; ORCiD logo [14]
  1. Department of Biology and Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah 84321 USA
  2. Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
  3. Department of Soil &, Water Systems University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844 USA
  4. Unidad de Recursos Naturales Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C. (CICY) Calle 43 No. 130 x 32 y 34, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo Mérida Yucatán C.P. 97205 México
  5. Department of Soil, Water, and Climate University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
  6. Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia 23284 USA
  7. Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
  8. Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana 46556 USA
  9. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Icesi Calle 18 # 122‐135 Cali Colombia
  10. Departamento de Biología Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá Carrera 30 Calle 45 Bogotá Colombia
  11. Department of Geography University of British Columbia 1984 West Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z2 Canada
  12. Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson University Georgetown South Carolina 29634 USA
  13. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
  14. Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA

Abstract The availability of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) controls the flow of carbon (C) among plants, soils, and the atmosphere, thereby shaping terrestrial ecosystem responses to global change. Soil C, N, and P cycles are linked by drivers operating at multiple spatial and temporal scales: landscape‐level variation in macroclimate and soil geochemistry, stand‐scale heterogeneity in forest composition, and microbial community dynamics at the soil pore scale. Yet in many biomes, we do not know at which scales most of the biogeochemical variation emerges, nor which processes drive cross‐scale feedbacks. Here, we examined the drivers and spatial/temporal scales of variation in soil biogeochemistry across four tropical dry forests spanning steep environmental gradients. To do so, we quantified soil C, N, and P pools, extracellular enzyme activities, and microbial community structure across wet and dry seasons in 16 plots located in Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Puerto Rico. Soil biogeochemistry exhibited marked heterogeneity across the 16 plots, with total organic C, N, and P pools varying fourfold, and inorganic nutrient pools by an order of magnitude. Most soil characteristics changed more across space (i.e., among sites and plots) than over time (between dry and wet season samplings). We observed stoichiometric decoupling among C, N, and P cycles, which may reflect their divergent biogeochemical drivers. Organic C and N pool sizes were positively correlated with the relative abundance of ectomycorrhizal trees and legumes. By contrast, the distribution of soil P pools was driven by soil geochemistry, with larger inorganic P pools in soils with P‐rich parent material. Most earth system models assume that soils within a texture class operate similarly, and ignore subgrid cell variation in soil properties. Here we reveal that soil nutrient pools and fluxes exhibit as much variation among four Neotropical dry forests as is observed across terrestrial ecosystems at the global scale. Soil biogeochemical patterns are driven not only by regional differences in soil parent material and climate, but also by local‐scale variation in plant and microbial communities. Thus, the biogeochemical patterns we observed across the Neotropical dry forest biome challenge representation of soil processes in ecosystem models.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
DE‐SC0014363
OSTI ID:
1785573
Journal Information:
Ecological Monographs, Journal Name: Ecological Monographs Vol. 91 Journal Issue: 3; ISSN 0012-9615
Publisher:
Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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