Can capacitive deionization outperform reverse osmosis for brackish water desalination?

Sharan, Prashant; Yoon, Tae Jun; Jaffe, Stephen M.; Ju, Taeho; Currier, Robert P.; Findikoglu, Alp T.

doi:10.1016/j.clet.2021.100102

Title: Can capacitive deionization outperform reverse osmosis for brackish water desalination?

Journal Article · Thu Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Cleaner Engineering and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100102· OSTI ID:1781914

Sharan, Prashant; Yoon, Tae Jun; Jaffe, Stephen M.; Ju, Taeho; Currier, Robert P.; Findikoglu, Alp T.

Capacitive deionization has received significant attention as an energy-efficient technology for brackish water desalination. The capacitive deionization suffers from lower water recovery and high electrode discharge time, that hampers its economics. The low recovery ratio increases the brine disposal cost and is also environmentally polluting. In this paper, the feasibility of capacitive deionization as a brackish water desalination technology is studied. The capacitive deionization performance is first optimized and is later compared with the state-of-the-art reverse osmosis. Both modeling and experimental studies are carried out to optimize the performance of capacitive deionization. A new cost correlation as a function of the capacitive deionization system size is proposed. By optimally designing the system, the treated water cost for capacitive deionization is reduced by 36%. A feasibility map for capacitive deionization is generated and compared to reverse osmosis as a function of brackish water concentration and different brine disposal options (see the graphical abstract). Compared to reverse osmosis, capacitive deionization economics are sensitive to the feed concentrations but becomes superior for salt concentrations less than (a) 70 ± 15 mM (surface brine discharge), (b) 65 ± 13 mM (deep well injection), and (c) 43 ± 10 mM (evaporation pond). For zero liquid discharge, the CDI is not economical compared to RO regardless of salt concentrations. Based on the feasibility map generated in this paper, the optimal technology for desalination can be selected as a function of brackish water concentration and brine disposal.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: 20190057DR; 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1781914

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1820077

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-20-26776; S2666790821000628; 100102; PII: S2666790821000628

Journal Information:: Cleaner Engineering and Technology, Journal Name: Cleaner Engineering and Technology Vol. 3 Journal Issue: C; ISSN 2666-7908

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
42 ENGINEERING
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Recovery Ratio
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Title: Can capacitive deionization outperform reverse osmosis for brackish water desalination?

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