Brackish water desalination using reverse osmosis and capacitive deionization at the water-energy nexus

Pan, Shu-Yuan; Haddad, Andrew Z.; Kumar, Arkadeep; Wang, Sheng-Wei

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116064

Brackish water desalination using reverse osmosis and capacitive deionization at the water-energy nexus

Journal Article · Thu Jun 18 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Water Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116064· OSTI ID:1782182

Pan, Shu-Yuan ^[1]; Haddad, Andrew Z. ^[2]; Kumar, Arkadeep ^[2]; Wang, Sheng-Wei ^[3]

National Taiwan Univ., Taipei (Taiwan)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Tamkang Univ., New Taipei City (Taiwan)

Here, we present a critical review of the reported performance of reverse osmosis (RO) and capacitive deionization (CDI) for brackish water (salinity < 5.0 g/L) desalination from the aspects of engineering, energy, economy and environment. We first illustrate the criteria and the key performance indicators to evaluate the performance of brackish water desalination. We then systematically summarize technological information of RO and CDI, focusing on the effect of key parameters on desalination performance, as well as energy-water efficiency, economic costs and environmental impacts (including carbon footprint). We provide in-depth discussion on the interconnectivity between desalination and energy, and the trade-off between kinetics and energetics for RO and CDI as critical factors for comparison. We also critique the results of technical-economic assessment for RO and CDI plants in the context of large-scale deployment, with focus on lifetime-oriented consideration to total costs, balance between energy efficiency and clean water production, and pretreatment/post-treatment requirements. Finally, we illustrate the challenges and opportunities for future brackish water desalination, including hybridization for energy-efficient brackish water desalination, co-removal of specific components in brackish water, and sustainable brine management with innovative utilization. Our study reveals that both RO and CDI should play important roles in water reclamation and resource recovery from brackish water, especially for inland cities or rural regions.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan; National Taiwan University

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1782182

Journal Information:: Water Research, Journal Name: Water Research Vol. 183; ISSN 0043-1354

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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