Long-term hydrological, biogeochemical, and climatological data from Walker Branch Watershed, East Tennessee, USA

Griffiths, Natalie A.; Mulholland, Patrick J.

doi:10.1002/hyp.14110

Long-term hydrological, biogeochemical, and climatological data from Walker Branch Watershed, East Tennessee, USA

Journal Article · Wed Feb 24 04:00:00 EST 2021 · Hydrological Processes

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14110· OSTI ID:1775239

^[1]; Mulholland, Patrick J. ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

In 1967, the original Walker Branch Watershed (WBW) project was established to study elemental cycling and mass balances in a relatively unimpacted watershed. Over the next 50+ years, findings from additional experimental studies and long-term observations on WBW advanced understanding of catchment hydrology, biogeochemistry, and ecology and established WBW as a seminal site for catchment science. The 97.5-ha WBW is located in East Tennessee, USA, on the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation. Vegetation on the watershed is characteristic of an eastern deciduous, second-growth forest. The watershed is divided into two subcatchments: the West Fork (38.4 ha) and the East Fork (59.1 ha). Headwater streams draining these subcatchments are fed by multiple springs, and thus flow is perennial. Stream water is high in base cations due to weathering of dolomite bedrock and nutrient concentrations are low. Long-term observations of climate, hydrology, and biogeochemistry include daily (1969–2014) and 15-min (1994–2014) stream discharge and annual runoff (1969–2014); hourly, daily, and annual rainfall (1969–2012); daily climate and soil temperature (1993–2010); and weekly stream water chemistry (1989–2013). These long-term datasets are publicly available on the WBW website (https://walkerbranch.ornl.gov/long-term-data/). While collection of these data has ceased, related long-term measurements continue through the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), where WBW is the core terrestrial and aquatic site in the Appalachian and Cumberland Plateau region (NEON's Domain 7) of the United States. These long-term datasets have been and will continue to be important in evaluating the influence of climatic and environmental drivers on catchment processes.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1775239

Journal Information:: Hydrological Processes, Journal Name: Hydrological Processes Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 35; ISSN 0885-6087

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (37)

Precipitation control over inorganic nitrogen import-export budgets across watersheds: a synthesis of long-term ecological research Kane, E. S.; Betts, E. F.; Burgin, A. J. Ecohydrology, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.10	journal	January 2008
Site Description Johnson, D. W. Analysis of Biogeochemical Cycling Processes in Walker Branch Watershed https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3512-5_2	book	January 1989
The long-term influence of past land use on the Walker Branch forest Dale, V. H.; Mann, L. K.; Olson, R. J. Landscape Ecology, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00129829	journal	September 1990
Atmospheric concentrations and deposition of Hg to A deciduous forest atwalker branch watershed, Tennessee, USA Lindberg, S. E.; Turner, R. R.; Meyers, T. P. Water Air & Soil Pollution, Vol. 56, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00342301	journal	April 1991
Multiple Scales of Temporal Variability in Ecosystem Metabolism Rates: Results from 2 Years of Continuous Monitoring in a Forested Headwater Stream Roberts, Brian J.; Mulholland, Patrick J.; Hill, Walter R. Ecosystems, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-007-9059-2	journal	May 2007
The importance of in-stream uptake for regulating stream concentrations and outputs of N and P from a forested watershed: evidence from long-term chemistry records for Walker Branch Watershed Mulholland, Patrick J. Biogeochemistry, Vol. 70, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-0364-y	journal	September 2004
Hydrology of a forested hillslope during storm events Wilson, G. V.; Jardine, P. M.; Luxmoore, R. J. Geoderma, Vol. 46, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)90011-W	journal	March 1990
Hydrogeochemical processes controlling the transport of dissolved organic carbon through a forested hillslope Jardine, P. M.; Wilson, G. V.; McCarthy, J. F. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7722(90)90008-5	journal	July 1990
Factors controlling evaporation and energy partitioning beneath a deciduous forest over an annual cycle Wilson, Kell B.; Hanson, Paul J.; Baldocchi, Dennis D. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 102, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(00)00124-6	journal	May 2000
A comparison of methods for determining forest evapotranspiration and its components: sap-flow, soil water budget, eddy covariance and catchment water balance Wilson, Kell B.; Hanson, Paul J.; Mulholland, Patrick J. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 106, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(00)00199-4	journal	January 2001
Seasonal and interannual variability of energy fluxes over a broadleaved temperate deciduous forest in North America Wilson, Kell B.; Baldocchi, Dennis D. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 100, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00088-X	journal	January 2000
In-stream biotic control on nutrient biogeochemistry in a forested stream, West Fork of Walker Branch: BIOTIC CONTROL ON STREAM NUTRIENT UPTAKE Roberts, Brian J.; Mulholland, Patrick J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 112, Issue G4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000422	journal	October 2007
Seasonal patterns in streamwater nutrient and dissolved organic carbon concentrations: Separating catchment flow path and in-stream effects Mulholland, Patrick J.; Hill, Walter R. Water Resources Research, Vol. 33, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR00490	journal	June 1997
Hydrogeochemical Response of a Forested Watershed to Storms: Effects of Preferential Flow Along Shallow and Deep Pathways Mulholland, Patrick J.; Wilson, Glenn V.; Jardine, Philip M. Water Resources Research, Vol. 26, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i012p03021	journal	December 1990
Measuring and modelling carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange over a temperate broad-leaved forest during the 1995 summer drought Baldocchi, D. Plant, Cell and Environment, Vol. 20, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-147.x	journal	September 1997
Nutrient Spiralling in Streams: Implications for Nutrient Limitation and Invertebrate Activity Newbold, J. D.; O'Neill, R. V.; Elwood, J. W. The American Naturalist, Vol. 120, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1086/284017	journal	November 1982
A six-year study of sapling and large-tree growth and mortality responses to natural and induced variability in precipitation and throughfall Hanson, P. J.; Todd, D. E.; Amthor, J. S. Tree Physiology, Vol. 21, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/21.6.345	journal	April 2001
Seasonal variations of CO2 and water vapour exchange rates over a temperate deciduous forest Greco, Susanna; Baldocchi, Dennis D. Global Change Biology, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.1996.tb00071.x	journal	June 1996
Partitioning sources of soil-respired CO2 and their seasonal variation using a unique radiocarbon tracer Cisneros-Dozal, Luz Maria; Trumbore, Susan; Hanson, Paul J. Global Change Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001061.x	journal	February 2006
Sensitivity of canopy transpiration to altered precipitation in an upland oak forest: evidence from a long-term field manipulation study Wullschleger, Stan D.; Hanson, Paul J. Global Change Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001082.x	journal	January 2006
Stream ecosystem responses to the 2007 spring freeze in the southeastern United States: unexpected effects of climate change Mulholland, Patrick J.; Roberts, Brian J.; Hill, Walter R. Global Change Biology, Vol. 15, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01864.x	journal	July 2009
Fine-root turnover patterns and their relationship to root diameter and soil depth in a ¹⁴ C-labeled hardwood forest Joslin, J. D.; Gaudinski, J. B.; Torn, M. S. New Phytologist, Vol. 172, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01847.x	journal	November 2006
Long-term successional forest dynamics: species and community responses to climatic variability Kardol, Paul; Todd, Donald E.; Hanson, Paul J. Journal of Vegetation Science https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01171.x	journal	February 2010
Atmospheric Deposition and Canopy Interactions of Major Ions in a Forest Lindberg, S. E.; Lovett, G. M.; Richter, D. D. Science, Vol. 231, Issue 4734 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.231.4734.141	journal	January 1986
Measuring Nutrient Spiralling in Streams Newbold, J. Denis; Elwood, Jerry W.; O'Neill, Robert V. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 38, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1139/f81-114	journal	July 1981
NITROGEN CYCLING IN A FOREST STREAM DETERMINED BY A ¹⁵ N TRACER ADDITION Mulholland, Patrick J.; Tank, Jennifer L.; Sanzone, Diane M. Ecological Monographs, Vol. 70, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(2000)070[0471:NCIAFS]2.0.CO;2	journal	June 2000
Long-term data reveal patterns and controls on stream water chemistry in a forested stream: Walker Branch, Tennessee Lutz, Brian D.; Mulholland, Patrick J.; Bernhardt, Emily S. Ecological Monographs, Vol. 82, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1129.1	journal	August 2012
A continental strategy for the National Ecological Observatory Network Keller, Michael; Schimel, David S.; Hargrove, William W. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 6, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2008)6[282:ACSFTN]2.0.CO;2	journal	June 2008
Nutrient Cycling in Forests of Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee: Roles of Uptake and Leaching in Causing Soil Changes Johnson, D. W.; Todd, D. E. Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1990.00472425001900010013x	journal	January 1990
Transport of Inorganic and Natural Organic Tracers Through an Isolated Pedon in a Forest Watershed Jardine, P. M.; Wilson, G. V.; Luxmoore, R. J. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 53, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300020001x	journal	March 1989
Forest Nutrient and Carbon Pools at Walker Branch Watershed Changes during a 21-Year Period Trettin, C. C.; Johnson, D. W.; Todd, D. E. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 63, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1999.6351436x	journal	September 1999
Food resources of stream macroinvertebrates determined by natural-abundance stable C and N isotopes and a ¹⁵ N tracer addition Mulholland, Patrick J.; Tank, Jennifer L.; Sanzone, Diane M. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2307/1468287	journal	March 2000
Phosphorus Dynamics in a Woodland Stream Ecosystem: A Study of Nutrient Spiralling Newbold, J. D.; Elwood, J. W.; O'Neill, R. V. Ecology, Vol. 64, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2307/1937833	journal	October 1983
Phosphorus Spiralling in a Woodland Stream: Seasonal Variations Mulholland, Patrick J.; Newbold, J. Denis; Elwood, Jerry W. Ecology, Vol. 66, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.2307/1940562	journal	June 1985
Variation in Foliar 15N Abundance and the Availability of Soil Nitrogen on Walker Branch Watershed Garten, Charles T. Ecology, Vol. 74, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.2307/1940855	journal	October 1993
An Integrated Ordination-Classification Analysis of an Intensively Sampled Oak-Hickory Forest Grigal, D. F.; Goldstein, R. A. The Journal of Ecology, Vol. 59, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2307/2258326	journal	July 1971
Regulation of nutrient concentrations in a temperate forest stream: Roles of upland, riparian, and instream processes Mulholland, Patrick J. Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 37, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1992.37.7.1512	journal	November 1992

Similar Records

Walker Branch Watershed: 15-minute and Daily Stream Discharge and Annual Runoff

Dataset · Thu Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2015 · OSTI ID:1658570

Walker Branch Watershed: Hourly, Daily, and Annual Precipitation

Dataset · Thu Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2015 · OSTI ID:1657514

Effects of flowpath variation on the hydrogeochemical response of Walker Branch Watershed to storms

Conference · Mon Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1990 · OSTI ID:5558791

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
long‐term data
rainfall
research catchment
southeastern US
stream discharge
water chemistry

Long-term hydrological, biogeochemical, and climatological data from Walker Branch Watershed, East Tennessee, USA

Citation Formats

References (37)

Similar Records

Related Subjects