Stereoscopic high-speed microscopy to understand transient internal flow processes in high-pressure nozzles

Manin, J.; Pickett, L. M.; Yasutomi, K.

doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2019.110027

Stereoscopic high-speed microscopy to understand transient internal flow processes in high-pressure nozzles

Journal Article · Mon Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2019.110027· OSTI ID:1770366

Manin, J. ^[1]; Pickett, L. M. ^[2]; Yasutomi, K. ^[3]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Artium Technologies, Sunnyvale, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Hino Motors Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

The flow and cavitation behavior inside fuel injectors is known to affect spray development, mixing and combustion characteristics. We discuss that while diesel fuel injectors with converging and hydro-eroded holes are generally known to limit cavitation and feature higher discharge coefficients during the steady period of injection, less is known about the flow during transient periods corresponding to needle opening and closing. Multiple injection strategies involve short injections, multiplying these aspects and giving them a growing importance as part of the fuel delivery process. In this study, single-hole transparent nozzles were manufactured with the same hole inlet radius and diameter as the Engine Combustion Network Spray D nozzle, mounted to a modified version of a common-rail Spray A injector body and needle. Needle opening and closing periods were visualized with stereoscopic high-speed microscopy at injection pressures relevant to modern diesel engines. Time-resolved sac pressure was extracted via elastic deformation analysis of the transparent nozzles. Sources of cavitation were observed and tracked, enabling the identification of a gas exchange process after the end of injection with ingestion of chamber gas into the sac and orifice. We observed that the gas exchange contributed widely to disrupting the start of injection and outlet flow during the subsequent injection event.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1770366

Report Number(s):: SAND--2021-2482J; 694452

Journal Information:: Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Journal Name: Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science Vol. 114; ISSN 0894-1777

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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