Methane and nitrous oxide porewater concentrations and surface fluxes of a regulated river

Villa, Jorge A.; Smith, Garrett; Ju, Yang; Renteria, Lupita; Angle, J C.; Arntzen, Evan V.; Harding, Samuel F.; Ren, Huiying; Chen, Xingyuan; Sawyer, Audrey H.; Graham, Emily B.; Stegen, James C.; Wrighton, Kelly C.; Bohrer, Gil

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136920

Methane and nitrous oxide porewater concentrations and surface fluxes of a regulated river

Journal Article · Fri May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Science of the Total Environment

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136920· OSTI ID:1737814

Villa, Jorge A. ^[1]; Smith, Garrett ^[1]; Ju, Yang ^[1]; Renteria, Lupita ^[2]; Angle, J C. ^[1]; ^[2]; Harding, Samuel F. ^[2]; ^[2]; Chen, Xingyuan ^[2]; Sawyer, Audrey H. ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; Wrighton, Kelly C. ^[3]; Bohrer, Gil ^[1]

Ohio State University
BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
Colorado State University

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rivers are a critical missing component of current global GHG models. Their exclusion is mainly due to a lack of in-situ measurements and a poor understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of GHG production and emissions, which prevents optimal model parametrization. We combined simultaneous observations of porewater concentrations along different beach positions and depths, and surface fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide at a plot scale in a large regulated river during three water stages: rising, falling, and low. Our goal was to gain insights into the interactions between hydrological exchanges and GHG emissions and elucidate possible hypotheses that could guide future research on the mechanisms of GHG production, consumption, and transport in the hyporheic zone (HZ). Results indicate that the site functioned as a net source of methane. Surface fluxes of methane during river water stages at three beach positions (shallow intermediate and deep) correlated with porewater concentrations of methane. However, fluxes were significantly higher in the intermediate position during low water stage, suggesting that low residence time increased methane emissions. Vertical profiles of methane peaked at different depths, indicating an influence of the magnitude and direction of the hyporheic mixing during the different river water stages on methane production and consumption. The site acted as either a sink or a source of nitrous oxide depending on the elevation of the water column. Nitrous oxide porewater concentrations peaked at the upper layers of the sediment throughout the different water stages. River hydrological stages significantly influenced porewater concentrations and fluxes of GHG, probably by influencing heterotrophic respiration (production and consumption processes) and transport to and from the HZ. Our results highlight the importance of including dynamic hydrological exchanges when studying and modeling GHG production and consumption in the HZ of large rivers.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1737814

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1774044
OSTI ID: 1776300

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--149661

Journal Information:: Science of the Total Environment, Journal Name: Science of the Total Environment Vol. 715

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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