W-ZrC composites prepared by reactive melt infiltration of Zr2Cu alloy into binder jet 3D printed WC preforms

Mudanyi, Rina; Cramer, Corson; Elliott, Amy; Unocic, Kinga; Guo, Qianying; Kumar, Dhananjay

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2020.105411

W-ZrC composites prepared by reactive melt infiltration of Zr₂Cu alloy into binder jet 3D printed WC preforms

Journal Article · Sat Oct 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · International Journal of Refractory and Hard Metals

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2020.105411· OSTI ID:1694379

Mudanyi, Rina ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[3]; Kumar, Dhananjay ^[4]

North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State Univ., Greensboro, NC (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
\North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State Univ., Greensboro, NC (United States)

W-ZrC composites were successfully prepared by reactive melt infiltration (RMI) of stoichiometric and excess amounts of Zr₂Cu into sintered and un-sintered WC preforms made from binder jet 3D printing. The focus of this work was to study the conversion of reactant powders and liquid infiltrant with varying preform density and infiltrant amount by controlling the processing time to reach high conversion yield while understanding the phase composition, microstructure, and hardness. To investigate the effect of time, the reactive melt infiltration was conducted at 1400 °C for 2, 4 and 8 h in a furnace with 96% Ar - 4% H2 gas atmosphere. The increase in reaction time from 2 to 8 h increased the W and W₂C phase contents and decreased the ZrC phase content when using sintered WC preforms. Samples prepared from un-sintered WC preforms exhibited improved reactive melt infiltration compared to sintered samples, and there was no detectable W₂C phase and nearly full consumption of WC. Similar to sintered WC samples, the content of W and ZrC phases increased with the increase in time from 2 to 8 h. The interfaces and phases at reaction interfaces were investigated using electron diffraction analysis and S/TEM-EDS to understand material stability; the phases were identified and consistent with XRD analysis. Additionally, there was no Cu present at the interfaces. Increasing the amount of infiltrant led to better reactive melt infiltration. In general, the hardness increased with reaction time and the highest Vickers hardness was found in the W-ZrC sample formed from sintered WC reacted with excess Zr₂Cu. Finally, this research addresses the critical comparison of sintering and RMI time and shows that by using un-sintered samples for 8 h we are able to achieve W-ZrC composites with fewer undesired phases.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Environmental Management (EM)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1694379

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1777533

Journal Information:: International Journal of Refractory and Hard Metals, Journal Name: International Journal of Refractory and Hard Metals Vol. 94; ISSN 0263-4368

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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