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Intense Reactivity in Sulfur–Hydrogen Mixtures at High Pressure under X-ray Irradiation

Journal Article · · Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [4];  [4];  [5];  [5];  [5];  [6];  [3];  [1];  [7];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Edinburgh, Scotland (United Kingdom)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  3. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)
  4. Yonsei Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
  5. Pohang Accelerator Lab. (Korea)
  6. SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy & Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
  7. Yonsei Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China)
+ Show Author Affiliations
Superconductivity near room temperature in the sulfur–hydrogen system arises from a sequence of reactions at high pressures, with X-ray diffraction experiments playing a central role in understanding these chemical–structural transformations and the corresponding S:H stoichiometry. Here we document X-ray irradiation acting as both a probe and as a driver of chemical reaction in this dense hydride system. We observe a reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and elemental sulfur (S8) under high pressure, induced directly by X-ray illumination, at photon energies of 12 keV using a free electron laser. The rapid synthesis of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at 0.3 GPa was confirmed by optical observations, spectroscopic measurements, and microstructural changes detected by X-ray diffraction. These results document X-ray induced chemical synthesis of superconductor-forming dense hydrides, revealing an alternative production strategy and confirming the disruptive nature of X-ray exposure in studies on high-pressure hydrogen chalcogenides, from water to high-temperature superconductors.
Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344
OSTI ID:
1643754
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL--799068; 1001604
Journal Information:
Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Journal Name: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 11; ISSN 1948-7185
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Chemical reactions
Hydrogen
Irradiation
Physical and chemical processes
X-rays