Room-temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride

Snider, Elliot; Dasenbrock-Gammon, Nathan; McBride, Raymond; Debessai, Mathew; Vindana, Hiranya; Vencatasamy, Kevin; Lawler, Keith V.; Salamat, Ashkan; Dias, Ranga P.

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2801-z

Room-temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride

Journal Article · Wed Oct 14 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Nature (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2801-z· OSTI ID:1673473

Snider, Elliot ^[1]; ^[2]; McBride, Raymond ^[2]; Debessai, Mathew ^[3]; Vindana, Hiranya ^[2]; Vencatasamy, Kevin ^[2]; ^[4]; Salamat, Ashkan ^[4]; ^[2]

University of Rochester, NY (United States); University of Rochester
University of Rochester, NY (United States)
Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR (United States)
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (United States)

One of the long-standing challenges in experimental physics is the observation of room-temperature superconductivity (RTSC). Recently, high temperature conventional superconductivity in hydrogen-rich materials has been reported in several systems under high pressure. The most significant discovery in reaching RTSC is the pressure-driven disproportionation of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) to H₃S with a confirmed Tc of 203 kelvin at 155 gigapascals. As H₂S readily mixes with hydrogen to form guest-host structures at lower pressures, the comparable size of methane to H₂S should allow molecular exchange within a large assemblage of van der Waals solids that are (highly) hydrogen-rich with H₂ inclusions that are then the building blocks for novel superconducting compounds at extreme conditions. Here, we report superconductivity in a photochemically transformed carbonaceous sulfur hydride system with a maximum superconducting transition temperature of 287.7 ± 1.2 kelvin (~15° celsius) achieved at 267 ± 10 gigapascals. The superconducting state is observed over a broad pressure range from 140 to 275 gigapascals, with a dramatic upturn in Tc above 220 gigapascals. Superconductivity is established by the observation of zero resistance, magnetic susceptibility up to 190 gigapascals, and reduction of Tc under an external magnetic field up to 9 tesla, with an upper critical magnetic field of ~62 tesla based on Ginzburg–Landau (GL) model at zero temperature. The light, quantum nature of hydrogen limits structural and stoichiometric determination using x-ray scattering techniques. Raman spectroscopy is used to probe the chemical and structural transformations pre-metallization. In conclusion, the introduction of chemical tuning within our reported ternary system could be the path forward to lowering the pressure while preserving the RTSC properties.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of Rochester, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: NSF; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020340

OSTI ID:: 1673473

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1673474

Journal Information:: Nature (London), Journal Name: Nature (London) Journal Issue: 7829 Vol. 586; ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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