Impact of Processing on Structural and Compositional Evolution in Mixed Metal Halide Perovskites during Film Formation

Abdelsamie, Maged; Xu, Junwei; Bruening, Karsten; Tassone, Christopher J.; Steinrück, Hans‐Georg; Toney, Michael F.

doi:10.1002/adfm.202001752

Impact of Processing on Structural and Compositional Evolution in Mixed Metal Halide Perovskites during Film Formation

Journal Article · Wed Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Advanced Functional Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202001752· OSTI ID:1646798

^[1]; Xu, Junwei ^[1]; Bruening, Karsten ^[1]; Tassone, Christopher J. ^[1]; Steinrück, Hans‐Georg ^[2]; ^[1]

SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Univ. Paderborn (Germany)

Understanding crystallization processes and their pathways in metal-halide perovskites is of crucial importance as this strongly affects the film microstructure, its stability, and device performance. While many approaches are developed to control perovskite formation, the mechanisms of film formation are still poorly known. Using time-resolved in situ grazing incidence wideangle X-ray scattering, the film formation of perovskites is investigated with average stoichiometry Cs_0.15FA_0.85PbI₃, where FA is formamidinium, using the popular antisolvent dropping and gas jet treatments and this is contrasted with untreated films. i) The crystallization pathways during spin coating, ii) the subsequent postdeposition thermal annealing, and iii) crystallization during blade coating are studied. The findings reveal that the formation of a nonperovskite FAPbI₃ phase during spin coating is initially dominant regardless of the processing and that the processing treatment (e.g., antisolvent dropping, gas jet) has a significant impact on the as-cast film structure and affects the phase evolution during subsequent thermal treatment. It is shown that blade coating can be used to overcome the nonperovskite phase formation via solvothermal direct crystallization of perovskite phase. This work shows how real-time investigation of perovskite formation can help to establish processing–microstructure–functionality relationships.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1646798

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1638560

Journal Information:: Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Functional Materials Journal Issue: 38 Vol. 30; ISSN 1616-301X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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