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Angular Momentum in Rotating Superfluid Droplets

Journal Article · · Physical Review Letters
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [12];  [6];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Technische Univ. Berlin (Germany)
  3. Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); 4OVO (PT. Visionet Internasional), Jakarta (Indonesia)
  4. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  5. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Hamburg (Germany)
  6. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  7. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
  8. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
  9. Univ. di Padova (Italy); CNR-IOM Democritos, Trieste (Italy)
  10. Univ. de Barcelona (Spain); Univ. Toulouse (France)
  11. Univ. de Barcelona (Spain)
  12. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); Paul Scherrer Inst. (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland); Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (Switzlerland)
+ Show Author Affiliations
The angular momentum of rotating superfluid droplets originates from quantized vortices and capillary waves, the interplay between which remains to be uncovered. In this work, the rotation of isolated submicrometer superfluid 4He droplets is studied by ultrafast x-ray diffraction using a free electron laser. The diffraction patterns provide simultaneous access to the morphology of the droplets and the vortex arrays they host. In capsule-shaped droplets, vortices form a distorted triangular lattice, whereas they arrange along elliptical contours in ellipsoidal droplets. The combined action of vortices and capillary waves results in droplet shapes close to those of classical droplets rotating with the same angular velocity. The findings are corroborated by density functional theory calculations describing the velocity fields and shape deformations of a rotating superfluid cylinder.
Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1638141
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1642686
OSTI ID: 1774551
Journal Information:
Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Issue: 21 Vol. 124; ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY