Change in Emiliania huxleyi Virus Assemblage Diversity but Not in Host Genetic Composition during an Ocean Acidification Mesocosm Experiment

Highfield, Andrea; Joint, Ian; Gilbert, Jack; Crawfurd, Katharine; Schroeder, Declan

doi:10.3390/v9030041

Change in Emiliania huxleyi Virus Assemblage Diversity but Not in Host Genetic Composition during an Ocean Acidification Mesocosm Experiment

Journal Article · Tue Feb 28 23:00:00 EST 2017 · Viruses

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/v9030041· OSTI ID:1628596

Highfield, Andrea ^[1]; Joint, Ian ^[2]; Gilbert, Jack ^[3]; Crawfurd, Katharine ^[4]; Schroeder, Declan ^[2]

The Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, United Kingdom; DOE/OSTI
The Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, United Kingdom
Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States). The Microbiome Centre, Dept. of Surgery; Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Div. of Bioscience
Department of Biological Oceanography, NIOZ-Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands

Effects of elevated pCO₂ on Emiliania huxleyi genetic diversity and the viruses that infect E. huxleyi (EhVs) have been investigated in large volume enclosures in a Norwegian fjord. Triplicate enclosures were bubbled with air enriched with CO₂ to 760 ppmv whilst the other three enclosures were bubbled with air at ambient pCO₂; phytoplankton growth was initiated by the addition of nitrate and phosphate. E. huxleyi was the dominant coccolithophore in all enclosures, but no difference in genetic diversity, based on DGGE analysis using primers specific to the calcium binding protein gene (gpa) were detected in any of the treatments. Chlorophyll concentrations and primary production were lower in the three elevated pCO₂ treatments than in the ambient treatments. However, although coccolithophores numbers were reduced in two of the high-pCO₂ treatments; in the third, there was no suppression of coccolithophores numbers, which were very similar to the three ambient treatments. In contrast, there was considerable variation in genetic diversity in the EhVs, as determined by analysis of the major capsid protein (mcp) gene. EhV diversity was much lower in the high-pCO₂ treatment enclosure that did not show inhibition of E. huxleyi growth. Since virus infection is generally implicated as a major factor in terminating phytoplankton blooms, it is suggested that no study of the effect of ocean acidification in phytoplankton can be complete if it does not include an assessment of viruses.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); NERC Post-Genomics and Proteomics Programme

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1628596

Journal Information:: Viruses, Journal Name: Viruses Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 9; ISSN VIRUBR; ISSN 1999-4915

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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