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Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals an Absence of Leucine-Rich Repeat Pattern-Recognition Receptor Proteins in the Kingdom Fungi

Journal Article · · PLoS ONE
 [1];  [2]
  1. University of Exeter (United Kingdom); DOE/OSTI
  2. University of Exeter (United Kingdom)
+ Show Author Affiliations
In plants and animals innate immunity is the first line of defence against attack by microbial pathogens. Specific molecular features of bacteria and fungi are recognised by pattern recognition receptors that have extracellular domains containing leucine rich repeats. Recognition of microbes by these receptors induces defence responses that protect hosts against potential microbial attack. A survey of genome sequences from 101 species, representing a broad cross-section of the eukaryotic phylogenetic tree, reveals an absence of leucine rich repeat-domain containing receptors in the fungal kingdom. Uniquely, however, fungi possess adenylate cyclases that contain distinct leucine rich repeat-domains, which have been demonstrated to act as an alternative means of perceiving the presence of bacteria by at least one fungal species. Interestingly, the morphologically similar osmotrophic oomycetes, which are taxonomically distant members of the stramenopiles, possess pattern recognition receptors with similar domain structures to those found in plants. The absence of pattern recognition receptors suggests that fungi may possess novel classes of pattern recognition receptor, such as the modified adenylate cyclase, or instead rely on secretion of anti-microbial secondary metabolites for protection from microbial attack. The absence of pattern recognition receptors in fungi, coupled with their abundance in oomycetes, suggests this may be a unique characteristic of the fungal kingdom rather than a consequence of the osmotrophic growth form.
Research Organization:
University of Exeter (United Kingdom)
Sponsoring Organization:
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1627422
Journal Information:
PLoS ONE, Journal Name: PLoS ONE Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 5; ISSN 1932-6203
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (14)

Origin and Diversity of Plant Receptor-Like Kinases journal April 2020
Identification of Immune Related LRR-Containing Genes in Maize (Zea maysL.) by Genome-Wide Sequence Analysis journal January 2015
Leucine-Rich repeat receptor kinases are sporadically distributed in eukaryotic genomes journal January 2011
Comparative genomics of the major fungal agents of human and animal Sporotrichosis: Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis journal October 2014
Disease Dynamics in a Specialized Parasite of Ant Societies journal May 2012
Fungal Innate Immunity Induced by Bacterial Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs) journal March 2016
Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum text January 2020
Overlapping Podospora anserina Transcriptional Responses to Bacterial and Fungal Non Self Indicate a Multilayered Innate Immune Response journal April 2016
7 Evolution in Heritable Bacterial–Fungal Endosymbioses book March 2016
Diversity and Variability of NOD-Like Receptors in Fungi journal December 2014
An extracellular Leptospira interrogans leucine‐rich repeat protein binds human E‐ and VE‐cadherins journal September 2018
Molecular evolution patterns reveal life history features of mycoplasma-related endobacteria associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi journal June 2015
Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum journal May 2020
Fungal Adenylyl Cyclase Acts As a Signal Sensor and Integrator and Plays a Central Role in Interaction with Bacteria journal October 2013

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Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
adenylyl cyclase
fungal genetics
fungal genomics
fungal pathogens
fungal structure
fungi
pattern recognition receptors
protein domains