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Postmitotic Specification of Drosophila Insulinergic Neurons from Pioneer Neurons

Journal Article · · PLoS Biology (Online)
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London (United Kingdom); DOE/OSTI
  2. Linkoping University Medical School, Linkoping (Sweden)
  3. Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London (United Kingdom)
Insulin and related peptides play important and conserved functions in growth and metabolism. Although Drosophila has proved useful for the genetic analysis of insulin functions, little is known about the transcription factors and cell lineages involved in insulin production. Within the embryonic central nervous system, the MP2 neuroblast divides once to generate a dMP2 neuron that initially functions as a pioneer, guiding the axons of other later-born embryonic neurons. Later during development, dMP2 neurons in anterior segments undergo apoptosis but their posterior counterparts persist. We show here that surviving posterior dMP2 neurons no longer function in axonal scaffolding but differentiate into neuroendocrine cells that express insulin-like peptide 7 (Ilp7) and innervate the hindgut. We find that the postmitotic transition from pioneer to insulin-producing neuron is a multistep process requiring retrograde bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling and four transcription factors: Abdominal-B, Hb9, Fork Head, and Dimmed. These five inputs contribute in a partially overlapping manner to combinatorial codes for dMP2 apoptosis, survival, and insulinergic differentiation. Ectopic reconstitution of this code is sufficient to activate Ilp7 expression in other postmitotic neurons. These studies reveal striking similarities between the transcription factors regulating insulin expression in insect neurons and mammalian pancreatic b-cells.
Research Organization:
Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London (United Kingdom)
Sponsoring Organization:
Medical Research Council; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship
OSTI ID:
1627156
Journal Information:
PLoS Biology (Online), Journal Name: PLoS Biology (Online) Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 6; ISSN 1545-7885
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Molecular Evolution and Functional Characterization of Drosophila Insulin-Like Peptides journal February 2010
Single neuron transcriptomics identify SRSF/SR protein B52 as a regulator of axon growth and Choline acetyltransferase splicing journal October 2016
Physiology, Development, and Disease Modeling in the Drosophila Excretory System journal February 2020
Nutritional Geometric Profiles of Insulin/IGF Expression in Drosophila melanogaster journal May 2016
Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive Tract of Drosophila melanogaster journal October 2018
Dilp8 requires the neuronal relaxin receptor Lgr3 to couple growth to developmental timing journal October 2015
Defense against territorial intrusion is associated with DNA methylation changes in the honey bee brain journal March 2018
Programmed cell death acts at different stages of Drosophila neurodevelopment to shape the central nervous system journal July 2016
Serotonin and insulin-like peptides modulate leucokinin-producing neurons that affect feeding and water homeostasis in Drosophila: Modulation of LK Neurons in Drosophila journal April 2015
Substrates for Neuronal Cotransmission With Neuropeptides and Small Molecule Neurotransmitters in Drosophila journal March 2018
Insight into Insulin Secretion from Transcriptome and Genetic Analysis of Insulin-Producing Cells of Drosophila journal February 2014
Fat cells reactivate quiescent neuroblasts via TOR and glial insulin relays in Drosophila journal February 2011
Gene Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying the Spatial and Temporal Regulation of Target-Dependent Gene Expression in Drosophila Neurons journal December 2015
Drosophila melanogaster foraging regulates a nociceptive-like escape behavior through a developmentally plastic sensory circuit journal June 2019
Insulin/IGF signaling in Drosophila and other insects: factors that regulate production, release and post-release action of the insulin-like peptides journal October 2015
The embryonic transcription factor Hlxb9 is a menin interacting partner that controls pancreatic β-cell proliferation and the expression of insulin regulators journal February 2013
A specific type of insulin-like peptide regulates the conditional growth of a beetle weapon journal November 2019

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