The rice immune receptor XA21 recognizes a tyrosine-sulfated protein from a Gram-negative bacterium

Pruitt, Rory N.; Schwessinger, Benjamin; Joe, Anna; Thomas, Nicholas; Liu, Furong; Albert, Markus; Robinson, Michelle R.; Chan, Leanne Jade G.; Luu, Dee Dee; Chen, Huamin; Bahar, Ofir; Daudi, Arsalan; De Vleesschauwer, David; Caddell, Daniel; Zhang, Weiguo; Zhao, Xiuxiang; Li, Xiang; Heazlewood, Joshua L.; Ruan, Deling; Majumder, Dipali; Chern, Mawsheng; Kalbacher, Hubert; Midha, Samriti; Patil, Prabhu B.; Sonti, Ramesh V.; Petzold, Christopher J.; Liu, Chang C.; Brodbelt, Jennifer S.; Felix, Georg; Ronald, Pamela C.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500245

Title: The rice immune receptor XA21 recognizes a tyrosine-sulfated protein from a Gram-negative bacterium

Journal Article · Fri Jul 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500245· OSTI ID:1625946

Pruitt, Rory N. ^[1]; Schwessinger, Benjamin ^[2]; Joe, Anna ^[1]; Thomas, Nicholas ^[3]; Liu, Furong ^[3]; Albert, Markus ^[4]; Robinson, Michelle R. ^[5]; Chan, Leanne Jade G. ^[6]; Luu, Dee Dee ^[3]; Chen, Huamin ^[3]; Bahar, Ofir ^[3]; Daudi, Arsalan ^[3]; De Vleesschauwer, David ^[3]; Caddell, Daniel ^[3]; Zhang, Weiguo ^[3]; Zhao, Xiuxiang ^[3]; Li, Xiang ^[7]; Heazlewood, Joshua L. ^[6]; Ruan, Deling ^[8]; Majumder, Dipali ^[3] more »

Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Univ. of Tubingen (Germany)
Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)–Inst. of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh (India)
CSIR–Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad (India)

Surveillance of the extracellular environment by immune receptors is of central importance to eukaryotic survival. The rice receptor kinase XA21, which confers robust resistance to most strains of the Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is representative of a large class of cell surface immune receptors in plants and animals. We report the identification of a previously undescribed Xoo protein, called RaxX, which is required for activation of XA21-mediated immunity. Xoo strains that lack RaxX, or carry mutations in the single RaxX tyrosine residue (Y41), are able to evade XA21-mediated immunity. Y41 of RaxX is sulfated by the prokaryotic tyrosine sulfotransferase RaxST. Sulfated, but not nonsulfated, RaxX triggers hallmarks of the plant immune response in an XA21-dependent manner. A sulfated, 21-amino acid synthetic RaxX peptide (RaxX21-sY) is sufficient for this activity. Xoo field isolates that overcome XA21-mediated immunity encode an alternate raxX allele, suggesting that coevolutionary interactions between host and pathogen contribute to RaxX diversification. RaxX is highly conserved in many plant pathogenic Xanthomonas species. The new insights gained from the discovery and characterization of the sulfated protein, RaxX, can be applied to the development of resistant crop varieties and therapeutic reagents that have the potential to block microbial infection of both plants and animals.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Institutes of Health (NIH); US Israel Binational Science Foundation; European Molecular Biology Organization; Human Frontiers Science Program; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; Monsanto’s Beachell-Borlaug International Scholars Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; GM59962; 2 2011062; ALTF 1290-2011; LT000674/2012; BSC0117; R21 GM099028; F1155

OSTI ID:: 1625946

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1836253

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 6; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 161 works

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Apoplastic invasion patterns triggering plant immunity: plasma membrane sensing at the frontline Schellenberger, Romain; Touchard, Matthieu; Clément, Christophe Molecular Plant Pathology, Vol. 20, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12857	journal	July 2019
Contribution of recent technological advances to future resistance breeding Sánchez-Martín, Javier; Keller, Beat Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Vol. 132, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-019-03297-1	journal	February 2019
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Marker assisted introgression of genes governing resistance to bacterial blight and blast diseases into an elite Basmati rice variety, ‘Pusa Basmati 1509’ Sagar, Vidya; Dhawan, Gaurav; Gopala Krishnan, S. Euphytica, Vol. 216, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2549-4	journal	January 2020
Transcriptional insights into the pyramided resistance to rice bacterial blight Gao, Lifen; Fang, Zhiwei; Zhou, Junfei Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29899-1	journal	August 2018
The Rice Xa3 Gene Confers Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in the Model Rice Kitaake Genetic Background Liu, Furong; Zhang, Weiguo; Schwessinger, Benjamin Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 11 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00049	journal	February 2020
Expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana immune receptor EFR in Medicago truncatula reduces infection by a root pathogenic bacterium, but not nitrogen‐fixing rhizobial symbiosis Sebastian, Pfeilmeier,; Jeoffrey, George,; Arry, Morel, ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000328412	text	January 2019
Mutation of the rice XA21 predicted nuclear localization sequence does not affect resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Wei, Tong; Chen, Tsung-Chi; Ho, Yuen Ting PeerJ, Vol. 4 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2507	journal	January 2016

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