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Comparative Metagenomics and Population Dynamics of the Gut Microbiota in Mother and Infant

Journal Article · · Genome Biology and Evolution
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evp057· OSTI ID:1625324
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [4];  [2]
  1. USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States); DOE/OSTI
  2. USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
  3. Present address: Genomic Technologies Program, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California; Evolutionary Genomics Program, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California
  4. Univ. of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ (United States). Dept. of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology; Univ. of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ (United States). Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics

Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of human infants with a suitable microbial community is essential for numerous aspects of health, but the progression of events by which this microbiota becomes established is poorly understood. Here, we investigate two previously unexplored areas of microbiota development in infants: the deployment of functional capabilities at the community level and the population genetics of its most abundant genera. To assess the progression of the infant microbiota toward an adult-like state and to evaluate the contribution of maternal GIT bacteria to the infant gut, we compare the infant’s microbiota with that of the mother at 1 and 11 months after delivery. These comparisons reveal that the infant’s microbiota rapidly acquires and maintains the range of gene functions present in the mother, without replicating the phylogenetic composition of her microbiota. Microdiversity analyses for Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium, two of the main microbiota constituents, reveal that by 11 months, the phylotypes detected in the infant are distinct from those in the mother, although the maternal Bacteroides phylotypes were transiently present at 1 month of age. The configuration of genetic variants within these genera reveals populations far from equilibrium and likely to be undergoing rapid growth, consistent with recent population turnovers. Such compositional turnovers and the associated loss of maternal phylotypes should limit the potential for long-term coadaptation between specific bacterial and host genotypes.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division
Grant/Contract Number:
AC03-76SF00098
OSTI ID:
1625324
Journal Information:
Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Name: Genome Biology and Evolution Vol. 2; ISSN 1759-6653
Publisher:
Society for Molecular Biology and EvolutionCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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