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A paternal environmental legacy: Evidence for epigenetic inheritance through the male germ line: Insights & Perspectives

Journal Article · · BioEssays
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [2]
  1. Katholieke Univ. Leuven, Heverlee (Belgium). Faculty of Medicine. Dept. of Public Health and Primary Care. Epidemiology Research Group; DOE/OSTI
  2. Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Medical Center. Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology
  3. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). McArdle Lab. for Cancer Research. Dept. of Oncology; Univ. of Bedfordshire (United Kingdom). Inst. of Sport and Physical Activity Research (ISPAR). Dept. of Sport and Exercise Sciences
+ Show Author Affiliations

Literature on maternal exposures and the risk of epigenetic changes or diseases in the offspring is growing. Paternal contributions are often not considered. However, some animal and epidemiologic studies on various contaminants, nutrition, and lifestyle-related conditions suggest a paternal influence on the offspring’s future health. The phenotypic outcomes may have been attributed to DNA damage or mutations, but increasing evidence shows that the inheritance of environmentally induced functional changes of the genome, and related disorders, are (also) driven by epigenetic components. In this essay we suggest the existence of epigenetic windows of susceptibility to environmental insults during sperm development. Changes in DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs are viable mechanistic candidates for a non-genetic transfer of paternal environmental information, from maturing germ cell to zygote. Inclusion of paternal factors in future research will ultimately improve the understanding of transgenerational epigenetic plasticity and health-related effects in future generations.

Research Organization:
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0003778
OSTI ID:
1623494
Journal Information:
BioEssays, Journal Name: BioEssays Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 36; ISSN 0265-9247
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

epigenetics
transgenerational effects
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
environment
imprinted genes
offspring
paternal exposures
spermatogenesis