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Effects of Sea Spray on Microphysics and Intensity of Deep Convective Clouds Under Strong Winds

Journal Article · · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd029893· OSTI ID:1612134
 [1];  [2];  [2]
  1. The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel); DOE/OSTI
  2. The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel)
+ Show Author Affiliations
Deep convective clouds similar to those arising in the tropical cyclone eyewall are simulated using a parcel model and 2–D slab symmetric cloud model with spectral bin microphysics (the Hebrew University Cloud Model). The size distribution of sea spray particles (SSPs) at cloud base is calculated using the Lagrangian–Eulerian bin microphysics model. The model describes the SSP production, advection, and formation of the size distribution of SSP in the hurricane atmospheric boundary layer at different strong wind speeds. The SSP distributions calculated by the Lagrangian–Eulerian bin microphysics model are used in the parcel model and the Hebrew University Cloud Model to investigate the microphysical and dynamical effects of SSP on clouds. The SSPs ascending in cloud updrafts dramatically increase the number concentration of cloud drops within a wide range of drop sizes. As a result, sea spray creates clouds with unique property combinations of both maritime and continental types. These clouds have droplet size distributions characterized by a high drop concentration and a low effective radius, as in continental clouds. At the same time, the presence of SSP of a few hundred microns in radii triggers intense rain just above the cloud base, which is typical of extreme maritime clouds. In the presence of large sea spray drops, the smallest cloud condensational nuclei, including the smallest SSP, are activated, giving rise to the permanent in–cloud nucleation of small droplets, which produce a high concentration of small ice crystals above the level of homogeneous freezing. We showed that the SSP substantially increased the maximum vertical velocity, cloud water content, and mass contents of ice particles. Here, the results are compared with available observed data.
Research Organization:
Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
The Israel Science Foundation; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0014295
OSTI ID:
1612134
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1557918
Journal Information:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Journal Issue: 16 Vol. 124; ISSN 2169-897X
Publisher:
American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Figures / Tables (20)

Figure 1(p. 2)figure Figure 1
Figure 2(p. 3)figure Figure 2
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Table 1(p. 6)table Table 1
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Table B1(p. 20)table Table B1
Table B2(p. 20)table Table B2

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Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
cloud microphysics
deep convection in hurricanes
meteorology & atmospheric sciences
numerical modeling
sea spray effects