Effects of Sea Spray on the Dynamics and Microphysics of an Idealized Tropical Cyclone

Shpund, J.; Khain, A.; Rosenfeld, D.

doi:10.1175/JAS-D-18-0270.1

Effects of Sea Spray on the Dynamics and Microphysics of an Idealized Tropical Cyclone

Journal Article · Thu Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-18-0270.1· OSTI ID:1532813

Shpund, J. ^[1]; Khain, A. ^[1]; Rosenfeld, D. ^[1]

Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

The effect of sea spray particles (SSP) on the intensity and microphysical structure of an idealized tropical cyclone (TC) is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with a new spectral bin microphysics package. The SSP size distribution in the hurricane boundary layer is calculated using a Lagrangian–Eulerian bin-microphysics model (LEM) with high spatial resolution and extremely high drop size resolution. Sea spray ascending in updrafts within the eyewall of a TC dramatically increases the concentration of cloud drops within a wide range of sizes and decreases the effective drop radius to the values typical of polluted continental clouds. At the same time, the presence of spray drops of a few hundred microns in radii trigger intense rain just above cloud base. As a result, sea spray creates clouds that have a unique combination of maritime and continental properties. Outside the eyewall, clouds remain extremely maritime. SSP are shown to increase substantially the maximum vertical velocity, the cloud water content, and the mass contents of ice particles within the eyewall. As a result, SSP lead to TC intensification, axis symmetrization, and a decrease in eyewall radius. We found a new mechanism where wind-generated sea spray particles invigorate the inner cloud bands by nucleating more cloud droplets, which leads to more water vapor condensation and greater latent heating. The dependence of this process on surface wind speed constitutes a positive feedback loop that can lead to higher hurricane intensity. The results of simulations of cloud microstructure in the hurricane eyewall are supported by observations.

View Journal Article

Research Organization:: Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Israel Science Foundation; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0014295

OSTI ID:: 1532813

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1612137

Journal Information:: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Journal Name: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 76; ISSN 0022-4928

Publisher:: American Meteorological SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (104)

Supersaturation and diffusional droplet growth in liquid clouds: Polydisperse spectra: supersaturation and diffusional growth Pinsky, M.; Mazin, I. P.; Korolev, A. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021885	journal	November 2014
Improving representation of convective transport for scale-aware parameterization: 1. Convection and cloud properties simulated with spectral bin and bulk microphysics: CRM Model Evaluation Fan, Jiwen; Liu, Yi-Chin; Xu, Kuan-Man Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022142	journal	April 2015
Representation of microphysical processes in cloud-resolving models: Spectral (bin) microphysics versus bulk parameterization: BIN VS BULK Khain, A. P.; Beheng, K. D.; Heymsfield, A. Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 53, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014RG000468	journal	May 2015
Cloud‐resolving model intercomparison of an MC3E squall line case: Part I—Convective updrafts Fan, Jiwen; Han, Bin; Varble, Adam Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026622	journal	September 2017
Aerosol Impacts on the Structure, Intensity, and Precipitation of the Landfalling Typhoon Saomai (2006): Aerosol Impacts on Typhoon Saomai (2006) Qu, Yi; Chen, Baojun; Ming, Jie Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027151	journal	November 2017
The mechanism of first raindrops formation in deep convective clouds: RAIN ONSET Khain, A.; Prabha, Thara V.; Benmoshe, Nir Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50641	journal	August 2013
The formation of atmospheric ice crystals by the freezing of droplets Bigg, E. K. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 79, Issue 342 https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707934207	journal	October 1953
Production of secondary ice particles during the growth of graupel by riming Mossop, S. C. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 102, Issue 431 https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710243104	journal	January 1976
Representing turbulent mixing of non-conservative values in Eulerian and Lagrangian cloud models Pinsky, Mark; Khain, Alexander; Magaritz, Leehi Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.624	journal	January 2010
Modelling air-sea fluxes during a western Pacific typhoon: Role of sea spray Li, Weibiao Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02915713	journal	April 2004
Effects of Roll Vortices on Turbulent Fluxes in the Hurricane Boundary Layer Zhang, Jun A.; Katsaros, Kristina B.; Black, Peter G. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 128, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-008-9281-2	journal	June 2008
Effects of Bubbles and Sea Spray on Air–Sea Exchange in Hurricane Conditions Soloviev, Alexander; Lukas, Roger Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 136, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-010-9505-0	journal	May 2010
A Lagrangian Stochastic Model for Sea-Spray Evaporation in the Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Mueller, James; Veron, Fabrice Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 137, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-010-9520-1	journal	July 2010
Impact of Sea-Spray on the Atmospheric Surface Layer Bianco, L.; Bao, J. -W.; Fairall, C. W. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 140, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-011-9617-1	journal	May 2011
Simulation of hydrometeor size spectra evolution by water-water, ice-water and ice-ice interactions Khain, A. P.; Sednev, I. L. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 36, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8095(94)00030-H	journal	March 1995
Notes on the state-of-the-art numerical modeling of cloud microphysics Khain, A.; Ovtchinnikov, M.; Pinsky, M. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 55, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(00)00064-8	journal	December 2000
Simulation of precipitation formation in the Eastern Mediterranean coastal zone using a spectral microphysics cloud ensemble model Khain, Alexander P.; Sednev, Igor Atmospheric Research, Vol. 43, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(96)00005-1	journal	November 1996
High resolution WRF simulations of Hurricane Irene: Sensitivity to aerosols and choice of microphysical schemes Khain, A.; Lynn, B.; Shpund, J. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 167 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.07.014	journal	January 2016
The Signature of Sea Spray in the Hexos Turbulent Heat Flux Data Andreas, Edgar L.; Decosmo, Janice Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 103, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014564513650	journal	May 2002
Laboratory simulations and parameterization of the primary marine aerosol production: THE PRIMARY MARINE AEROSOL SOURCE Mårtensson, E. M.; Nilsson, E. D.; de Leeuw, G. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 108, Issue D9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002263	journal	May 2003
A parameterization of sea-salt aerosol source function for sub- and super-micron particles: SEA-SALT AEROSOL PRODUCTION Gong, S. L. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002079	journal	October 2003
On the limiting aerodynamic roughness of the ocean in very strong winds Donelan, M. A. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019460	journal	January 2004
Drag coefficient reduction at very high wind speeds Bye, John A. T.; Jenkins, Alastair D. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, Issue C3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003114	journal	January 2006
An ultrafine sea-salt flux from breaking waves: Implications for cloud condensation nuclei in the remote marine atmosphere Clarke, Antony D.; Owens, Steven R.; Zhou, Jingchuan Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, Issue D6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006565	journal	January 2006
Simulation and parameterization of the turbulent transport in the hurricane boundary layer by large eddies Zhu, Ping Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D17 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009643	journal	January 2008
Investigation of the physical scaling of sea spray spume droplet production Fairall, C. W.; Banner, M. L.; Peirson, W. L. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, Issue C10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JC004918	journal	January 2009
Simulation of a supercell storm in clean and dirty atmosphere using weather research and forecast model with spectral bin microphysics Khain, Alexander; Lynn, Barry Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, Issue D19 https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD011827	journal	January 2009
Tropical anvil characteristics and water vapor of the tropical tropopause layer: Impact of heterogeneous and homogeneous freezing parameterizations Fan, Jiwen; Comstock, Jennifer M.; Ovchinnikov, Mikhail Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, Issue D12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012696	journal	January 2010
Linear relation between convective cloud drop number concentration and depth for rain initiation: DROP CONCENTRATION AND RAIN INITIATION Freud, E.; Rosenfeld, D. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016457	journal	January 2012
Turbulent effects on the microphysics and initiation of warm rain in deep convective clouds: 2-D simulations by a spectral mixed-phase microphysics cloud model: TURBULENT EFFECTS ON CONVECTIVE CLOUDS Benmoshe, N.; Pinsky, M.; Pokrovsky, A. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016603	journal	March 2012
Impact of aerosols on convective clouds and precipitation: AEROSOL IMPACT ON CONVECTIVE CLOUDS Tao, Wei-Kuo; Chen, Jen-Ping; Li, Zhanqing Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 50, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011RG000369	journal	April 2012
Analytical estimation of droplet concentration at cloud base: DROPLET CONCENTRATION AT CLOUD BASE Pinsky, M.; Khain, A.; Mazin, I. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D18 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017753	journal	September 2012
Impact of the Generation and Activation of Sea Salt Aerosols on the Evolution of Tropical Cyclone Dumile Hoarau, T.; Barthe, C.; Tulet, P. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD028125	journal	August 2018
Effects of Sea Spray on Microphysics and Intensity of Deep Convective Clouds Under Strong Winds Shpund, J.; Khain, A.; Rosenfeld, D. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029893	journal	August 2019
Spontaneous breakup of charged and uncharged water drops freely suspended in a wind tunnel Kamra, A. K.; Bhalwankar, Rohini V.; Sathe, A. B. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 96, Issue D9 https://doi.org/10.1029/91JD01475	journal	January 1991
Sea Spray and the Turbulent Air-Sea Heat Fluxes Andreas, Edgar L. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 97, Issue C7 https://doi.org/10.1029/92JC00876	journal	January 1992
Spray droplet modeling: 2. An interactive Eulerian-Lagrangian model of evaporating spray droplets Edson, J. B.; Anquetin, S.; Mestayer, P. G. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, Vol. 101, Issue C1 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JC03280	journal	January 1996
Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave Mlawer, Eli J.; Taubman, Steven J.; Brown, Patrick D. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 102, Issue D14 https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD00237	journal	July 1997
Production of secondary ice particles during the riming process Hallett, J.; Mossop, S. C. Nature, Vol. 249, Issue 5452 https://doi.org/10.1038/249026a0	journal	May 1974
Reduced drag coefficient for high wind speeds in tropical cyclones Powell, Mark D.; Vickery, Peter J.; Reinhold, Timothy A. Nature, Vol. 422, Issue 6929 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01481	journal	March 2003
The air-sea interface and surface stress under tropical cyclones Soloviev, Alexander V.; Lukas, Roger; Donelan, Mark A. Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05306	journal	June 2014
Notes on state-of-the-art investigations of aerosol effects on precipitation: a critical review Khain, A. P. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/4/1/015004	journal	January 2009
The Role of Sea Spray in Cleansing Air Pollution over Ocean via Cloud Processes Rosenfeld, D. Science, Vol. 297, Issue 5587 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1073869	journal	August 2002
Ocean Spray Veron, Fabrice Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 47, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-010814-014651	journal	January 2015
Recent Developments in the Fluid Dynamics of Tropical Cyclones Montgomery, Michael T.; Smith, Roger K. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 49, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-010816-060022	journal	January 2017
T ROPICAL C YCLONES Emanuel, Kerry Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.31.100901.141259	journal	May 2003
Size Distribution of Raindrops Generated by their Breakup and Coalescence Srivastava, R. C. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1971)028<0410:SDORGB>2.0.CO;2	journal	April 1971
Collision, Coalescence and Breakup of Raindrops. Part I: Experimentally Established Coalescence Efficiencies and Fragment Size Distributions in Breakup Low, T. B.; List, Roland Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 39, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1982)039<1591:CCABOR>2.0.CO;2	journal	July 1982
Numerical Study of Convection Observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment Using a Mesoscale Two-Dimensional Model Dudhia, Jimy Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 46, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046<3077:NSOCOD>2.0.CO;2	journal	October 1989
The Finite-Amplitude Nature of Tropical Cyclogenesis Emanuel, Kerry A. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 46, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046<3431:TFANOT>2.0.CO;2	journal	November 1989
Collisions between Small Precipitation Drops. Part II: Formulas for Coalescence, Temporary Coalescence, and Satellites Beard, Kenneth V.; Ochs, Harry T. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 52, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1995)052<3977:CBSPDP>2.0.CO;2	journal	November 1995
Mass Conservation Considerations in Analytic Representation of Raindrop Fragment Distributions Brown, Philip S. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 54, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<1675:MCCIAR>2.0.CO;2	journal	June 1997
A Flux Method for the Numerical Solution of the Stochastic Collection Equation Bott, Andreas Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 55, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<2284:AFMFTN>2.0.CO;2	journal	July 1998
Collision Efficiency of Drops in a Wide Range of Reynolds Numbers: Effects of Pressure on Spectrum Evolution Pinsky, M.; Khain, A.; Shapiro, M. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 58, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2001)058<0742:CEODIA>2.0.CO;2	journal	April 2001
Supersaturation of Water Vapor in Clouds Korolev, Alexei V.; Mazin, Ilia P. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 60, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<2957:SOWVIC>2.0.CO;2	journal	December 2003
Observations of Particle Size and Phase in Tropical Cyclones: Implications for Mesoscale Modeling of Microphysical Processes McFarquhar, Greg M.; Black, Robert A. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 61, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<0422:OOPSAP>2.0.CO;2	journal	February 2004
Satellite–Based Insights into Precipitation Formation Processes in Continental and Maritime Convective Clouds Rosenfeld, Daniel; Lensky, Itamar M. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 79, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<2457:SBIIPF>2.0.CO;2	journal	November 1998
Spray Stress Revisited Andreas, Edgar L. Journal of Physical Oceanography, Vol. 34, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(2004)034<1429:SSR>2.0.CO;2	journal	June 2004
The Effect of Sea Spray Evaporation on Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer Structure and Intensity* Wang, Yuqing; Kepert, Jeff D.; Holland, Greg J. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 129, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<2481:TEOSSE>2.0.CO;2	journal	October 2001
Factors Determining the Impact of Aerosols on Surface Precipitation from Clouds: An Attempt at Classification Khain, A. P.; BenMoshe, N.; Pokrovsky, A. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 65, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAS2515.1	journal	June 2008
Effects of Sea Spray on Tropical Cyclones Simulated under Idealized Conditions Gall, Jeffrey S.; Frank, William M.; Kwon, Young Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 136, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1175/2007MWR2183.1	journal	May 2008
Investigation of Droplet Size Distributions and Drizzle Formation Using A New Trajectory Ensemble Model. Part II: Lucky Parcels Magaritz, L.; Pinsky, M.; Krasnov, O. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 66, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JAS2789.1	journal	April 2009
An Observational Study of Hurricane Boundary Layer Small-Scale Coherent Structures Lorsolo, Sylvie; Schroeder, John L.; Dodge, Peter Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 136, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1175/2008MWR2273.1	journal	August 2008
Turbulence Structure of the Hurricane Boundary Layer between the Outer Rainbands Zhang, Jun A.; Drennan, William M.; Black, Peter G. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 66, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JAS2954.1	journal	August 2009
Microphysics of Maritime Tropical Convective Updrafts at Temperatures from −20° to −60° Heymsfield, Andrew J.; Bansemer, Aaron; Heymsfield, Gerald Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 66, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JAS3107.1	journal	December 2009
Characteristics of Deep Tropical and Subtropical Convection from Nadir-Viewing High-Altitude Airborne Doppler Radar Heymsfield, Gerald M.; Tian, Lin; Heymsfield, Andrew J. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 67, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JAS3132.1	journal	February 2010
Aerosol Effects on Intensity of Landfalling Hurricanes as Seen from Simulations with the WRF Model with Spectral Bin Microphysics Khain, A.; Lynn, B.; Dudhia, J. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 67, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JAS3210.1	journal	February 2010
Polarimetric Radar Observation Operator for a Cloud Model with Spectral Microphysics Ryzhkov, A.; Pinsky, M.; Pokrovsky, A. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, Vol. 50, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JAMC2363.1	journal	April 2011
Rewriting the Climatology of the Tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea Atmosphere Dunion, Jason P. Journal of Climate, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3496.1	journal	February 2011
The Role of Small Soluble Aerosols in the Microphysics of Deep Maritime Clouds Khain, A. P.; Phillips, V.; Benmoshe, N. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 69, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3649.1	journal	September 2012
Microphysical Structure of the Marine Boundary Layer under Strong Wind and Spray Formation as Seen from Simulations Using a 2D Explicit Microphysical Model. Part I: The Impact of Large Eddies Shpund, J.; Pinsky, M.; Khain, A. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 68, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3652.1	journal	October 2011
Microphysics of Premonsoon and Monsoon Clouds as Seen from In Situ Measurements during the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX) Prabha, Thara V.; Khain, A.; Maheshkumar, R. S. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 68, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3707.1	journal	September 2011
Fallacies of the Enthalpy Transfer Coefficient over the Ocean in High Winds Andreas, Edgar L. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 68, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3714.1	journal	July 2011
Production of Ice in Tropospheric Clouds: A Review Cantrell, Will; Heymsfield, Andrew Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 86, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-86-6-795	journal	June 2005
Aerosol Effects on Microstructure and Intensity of Tropical Cyclones Rosenfeld, Daniel; Woodley, William L.; Khain, Alexander Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 93, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00147.1	journal	July 2012
Effects of Large Eddies on the Structure of the Marine Boundary Layer under Strong Wind Conditions Ginis, Isaac; Khain, Alexander P.; Morozovsky, Elena Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 61, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-3342.1	journal	December 2004
Simulation of Effects of Atmospheric Aerosols on Deep Turbulent Convective Clouds Using a Spectral Microphysics Mixed-Phase Cumulus Cloud Model. Part I: Model Description and Possible Applications Khain, A.; Pokrovsky, A.; Pinsky, M. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 61, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-3350.1	journal	December 2004
Air–Sea Enthalpy and Momentum Exchange at Major Hurricane Wind Speeds Observed during CBLAST Bell, Michael M.; Montgomery, Michael T.; Emanuel, Kerry A. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 69, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-11-0276.1	journal	November 2012
Microphysical Structure of the Marine Boundary Layer under Strong Wind and Spray Formation as Seen from Simulations Using a 2D Explicit Microphysical Model. Part II: The Role of Sea Spray Shpund, J.; Zhang, J. A.; Pinsky, M. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 69, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-11-0281.1	journal	December 2012
Microphysical Structure of the Marine Boundary Layer under Strong Wind and Sea Spray Formation as Seen from a 2D Explicit Microphysical Model. Part III: Parameterization of Height-Dependent Droplet Size Distribution Shpund, J.; Zhang, J. A.; Pinsky, M. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 71, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-0201.1	journal	June 2014
Supersaturation and Diffusional Droplet Growth in Liquid Clouds Pinsky, M.; Mazin, I. P.; Korolev, A. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 70, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-077.1	journal	September 2013
Aerosol Indirect Effects on Idealized Tropical Cyclone Dynamics Herbener, Stephen R.; van den Heever, Susan C.; Carrió, Gustavo G. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 71, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-13-0202.1	journal	June 2014
On the Generation of Roll Vortices due to the Inflection Point Instability of the Hurricane Boundary Layer Flow Gao, Kun; Ginis, Isaac Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 71, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-13-0362.1	journal	November 2014
The Sensitivity of Hurricane Irene to Aerosols and Ocean Coupling: Simulations with WRF Spectral Bin Microphysics Lynn, Barry H.; Khain, Alexander P.; Bao, Jian Wen Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 73, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0150.1	journal	February 2016
Observations of Ice Microphysics through the Melting Layer Heymsfield, Andrew J.; Bansemer, Aaron; Poellot, Michael R. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 72, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0363.1	journal	August 2015
On the Equilibrium-State Roll Vortices and Their Effects in the Hurricane Boundary Layer Gao, Kun; Ginis, Isaac Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 73, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-15-0089.1	journal	March 2016
Effect of Boundary Layer Roll Vortices on the Development of an Axisymmetric Tropical Cyclone Gao, Kun; Ginis, Isaac; Doyle, James D. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 74, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-16-0222.1	journal	September 2017
Relationship between Aerosols, Hail Microphysics, and Z _DR Columns Ilotoviz, E.; Khain, A.; Ryzhkov, Alexander V. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 75, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-17-0127.1	journal	June 2018
Parameterization of Vertical Profiles of Governing Microphysical Parameters of Shallow Cumulus Cloud Ensembles Using LES with Bin Microphysics Khain, Pavel; Heiblum, Reuven; Blahak, Ulrich Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 76, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-18-0046.1	journal	February 2019
Possible Effects of Collisional Breakup on Mixed-Phase Deep Convection Simulated by a Spectral (Bin) Cloud Model Seifert, Axel; Khain, Alexander; Blahak, Ulrich Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 62, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS3432.1	journal	June 2005
Sea Spray Impacts on Intensifying Midlatitude Cyclones Perrie, Will; Zhang, Weiqing; L. Andreas, Edgar Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 62, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS3436.1	journal	June 2005
Why Rolls are Prevalent in the Hurricane Boundary Layer Foster, Ralph C. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 62, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS3475.1	journal	August 2005
Impact of Sea Spray on Air–Sea Fluxes. Part I: Results from Stochastic Simulations of Sea Spray Drops over the Ocean Mueller, James A.; Veron, Fabrice Journal of Physical Oceanography, Vol. 44, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-13-0245.1	journal	November 2014
Impact of Sea Spray on Air–Sea Fluxes. Part II: Feedback Effects Mueller, James A.; Veron, Fabrice Journal of Physical Oceanography, Vol. 44, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-13-0246.1	journal	November 2014
Parameterizations of Sea-Spray Impact on the Air–Sea Momentum and Heat Fluxes Bao, J. -W.; Fairall, C. W.; Michelson, S. A. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 139, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-11-00007.1	journal	December 2011
A New Vertical Diffusion Package with an Explicit Treatment of Entrainment Processes Hong, Song-You; Noh, Yign; Dudhia, Jimy Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 134, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR3199.1	journal	September 2006
A Z _DR Column Detection Algorithm to Examine Convective Storm Updrafts Snyder, Jeffrey C.; Ryzhkov, Alexander V.; Kumjian, Matthew R. Weather and Forecasting, Vol. 30, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-15-0068.1	journal	December 2015
Effects of in-cloud nucleation and turbulence on droplet spectrum formation in cumulus clouds Pinsky, M. B.; Khain, A. P. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 128, Issue 580 https://doi.org/10.1256/003590002321042072	journal	January 2002
Aerosol impact on the dynamics and microphysics of deep convective clouds Khain, A.; Rosenfeld, D.; Pokrovsky, A. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 131, Issue 611 https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.04.62	journal	October 2005
Paradigms for tropical cyclone intensification Montgomery, M.; Smith, R. Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Journal, Vol. 64, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.22499/2.6401.005	journal	March 2014
Resolving both entrainment-mixing and number of activated CCN in deep convective clouds Freud, E.; Rosenfeld, D.; Kulkarni, J. R. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-12887-2011	journal	January 2011
Investigations of aerosol impacts on hurricanes: virtual seeding flights Carrio, G. G.; Cotton, W. R. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2557-2011	journal	January 2011
A sea spray aerosol flux parameterization encapsulating wave state Ovadnevaite, J.; Manders, A.; de Leeuw, G. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1837-2014	journal	January 2014
Robust relations between CCN and the vertical evolution of cloud drop size distribution in deep convective clouds Freud, E.; Rosenfeld, D.; Andreae, M. O. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1661-2008	journal	January 2008

Similar Records

Effects of Sea Spray on Microphysics and Intensity of Deep Convective Clouds Under Strong Winds

Journal Article · Sun Jul 07 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · OSTI ID:1612134

Aerosol Indirect Effects on Water Vapor in the UTLS of Typhoon Saomai (2006)

Journal Article · Tue May 23 20:00:00 EDT 2023 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres · OSTI ID:2424380

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
aerosol-cloud interaction
cloud resolving models
convective clouds
cyclogenesis/cyclolysis
hurricanes/typhoons
meteorology & atmospheric sciences
tropical cyclones

Effects of Sea Spray on the Dynamics and Microphysics of an Idealized Tropical Cyclone

Citation Formats

References (104)

Similar Records

Related Subjects