Pressure Tensor Elements Breaking the Frozen-In Law During Reconnection in Earth’s Magnetotail

Egedal, J.; Ng, J.; Le, A.; Daughton, W.; Wetherton, B.; Dorelli, J.; Gershman, D.; Rager, A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.225101

Title: Pressure Tensor Elements Breaking the Frozen-In Law During Reconnection in Earth’s Magnetotail

Journal Article · Mon Nov 25 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.225101· OSTI ID:1595782

Egedal, J. ^[1]; Ng, J. ^[2]; Le, A. ^[3]; Daughton, W. ^[3]; Wetherton, B. ^[1]; Dorelli, J. ^[4]; Gershman, D. ^[4]; Rager, A. ^[4]

Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)

Aided by fully kinetic simulations, spacecraft observations of magnetic reconnection in Earth’s magnetotail are analyzed. The structure of the electron diffusion region is in quantitative agreement with the numerical model. Of particular interest, the spacecraft data reveal how reconnection is mediated by off-diagonal stress in the electron pressure tensor breaking the frozen-in law of the electron fluid.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Contributing Organization:: MMS Science Data Center

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466

OSTI ID:: 1595782

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 22; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 25 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (34)

Magnetopause structure and attitude from Explorer 12 observations Sonnerup, B. U. Ö; Cahill, L. J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 72, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ072i001p00171	journal	January 1967
Magnitude of the Hall fields during magnetic reconnection: HALL FIELDS DURING RECONNECTION Le, A.; Egedal, J.; Daughton, W. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL041941	journal	February 2010
Large-scale characteristics of reconnection diffusion regions and associated magnetopause crossings observed by MMS: Diffusion Region Characteristics Fuselier, S. A.; Vines, S. K.; Burch, J. L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 122, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024024	journal	May 2017
Regimes of the Electron Diffusion Region in Magnetic Reconnection Le, A.; Egedal, J.; Ohia, O. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135004	journal	March 2013
Drift turbulence, particle transport, and anomalous dissipation at the reconnecting magnetopause Le, A.; Daughton, W.; Ohia, O. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5027086	journal	June 2018
Magnetospheric Multiscale Overview and Science Objectives Burch, J. L.; Moore, T. E.; Torbert, R. B. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 199, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0164-9	journal	May 2015
In Situ Discovery of an Electrostatic Potential, Trapping Electrons and Mediating Fast Reconnection in the Earth's Magnetotail Egedal, J.; Øieroset, M.; Fox, W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 94, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.025006	journal	January 2005
Evidence of an extended electron current sheet and its neighboring magnetic island during magnetotail reconnection: EXTENDED ELECTRON CURRENT SHEET DURING RECONNECTION Chen, L. -J.; Bessho, N.; Lefebvre, B. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 113, Issue A12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013385	journal	December 2008
Evidence and theory for trapped electrons in guide field magnetotail reconnection: TRAPPED ELECTRONS IN GUIDE FIELD RECONNECTION Egedal, J.; Fox, W.; Katz, N. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 113, Issue A12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013520	journal	December 2008
The generalized Ohm’s law in collisionless magnetic reconnection Cai, H. J.; Lee, L. C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.872178	journal	March 1997
Particle trajectories in model current sheets: 1. Analytical solutions Speiser, T. W. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 70, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ070i017p04219	journal	September 1965
Equations of State for Collisionless Guide-Field Reconnection Le, A.; Egedal, J.; Daughton, W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.085001	journal	February 2009
Force balance near an X line in a collisionless plasma Lyons, L. R.; Pridmore-Brown, D. C. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 95, Issue A12 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA095iA12p20903	journal	January 1990
On the role of separatrix instabilities in heating the reconnection outflow region Hesse, M.; Norgren, C.; Tenfjord, P. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5054100	journal	December 2018
Electron-scale measurements of magnetic reconnection in space Burch, J. L.; Torbert, R. B.; Phan, T. D. Science, Vol. 352, Issue 6290 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf2939	journal	May 2016
Kinetic quasi-viscous and bulk flow inertia effects in collisionless magnetotail reconnection Kuznetsova, Masha M.; Hesse, Michael; Winske, Dan Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 103, Issue A1 https://doi.org/10.1029/97JA02699	journal	January 1998
Evidence for an Elongated ( $> 60$ Ion Skin Depths) Electron Diffusion Region during Fast Magnetic Reconnection Phan, T. D.; Drake, J. F.; Shay, M. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.255002	journal	December 2007
Electron-scale dynamics of the diffusion region during symmetric magnetic reconnection in space Torbert, R. B.; Burch, J. L.; Phan, T. D. Science, Vol. 362, Issue 6421 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat2998	journal	November 2018
MMS observations of large guide field symmetric reconnection between colliding reconnection jets at the center of a magnetic flux rope at the magnetopause: Large Guide Field Reconnection at Flux Rope Center Øieroset, M.; Phan, T. D.; Haggerty, C. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069166	journal	June 2016
Advances in petascale kinetic plasma simulation with VPIC and Roadrunner Bowers, K. J.; Albright, B. J.; Yin, L. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 180 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/180/1/012055	journal	July 2009
Measurements of the Coronal Acceleration Region of a Solar Flare Krucker, Säm; Hudson, H. S.; Glesener, L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 714, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/714/2/1108	journal	April 2010
Influence of the Lower-Hybrid Drift Instability on Magnetic Reconnection in Asymmetric Configurations Roytershteyn, V.; Daughton, W.; Karimabadi, H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.185001	journal	May 2012
Particle simulation study of driven magnetic reconnection in a collisionless plasma Horiuchi, Ritoku; Sato, Tetsuya Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 1, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.870894	journal	November 1994
A review of pressure anisotropy caused by electron trapping in collisionless plasma, and its implications for magnetic reconnection Egedal, Jan; Le, Ari; Daughton, William Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4811092	journal	June 2013
LXXVI. Conditions for the occurrence of electrical discharges in astrophysical systems Dungey, J. W. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Vol. 44, Issue 354 https://doi.org/10.1080/14786440708521050	journal	July 1953
Formation of a localized acceleration potential during magnetic reconnection with a guide field Egedal, J.; Daughton, W.; Drake, J. F. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3130732	journal	May 2009
In situ detection of collisionless reconnection in the Earth's magnetotail Øieroset, M.; Phan, T. D.; Fujimoto, M. Nature, Vol. 412, Issue 6845 https://doi.org/10.1038/35086520	journal	July 2001
Two-stage bulk electron heating in the diffusion region of anti-parallel symmetric reconnection Le, A.; Egedal, J.; Daughton, W. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4964768	journal	October 2016
Spacecraft Observations of Oblique Electron Beams Breaking the Frozen-In Law During Asymmetric Reconnection Egedal, J.; Le, A.; Daughton, W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.055101	journal	January 2018
A current filamentation mechanism for breaking magnetic field lines during reconnection Che, H.; Drake, J. F.; Swisdak, M. Nature, Vol. 474, Issue 7350 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10091	journal	June 2011
Theoretical models of magnetic field line merging Vasyliunas, Vytenis M. Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/RG013i001p00303	journal	January 1975
Structure of the Current Sheet in the 11 July 2017 Electron Diffusion Region Event Nakamura, Rumi; Genestreti, Kevin J.; Nakamura, Takuma Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 124, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026028	journal	February 2019
How Accurately Can We Measure the Reconnection Rate E _M for the MMS Diffusion Region Event of 11 July 2017? Genestreti, K. J.; Nakamura, T. K. M.; Nakamura, R. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 123, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025711	journal	November 2018
Fully kinetic simulations of undriven magnetic reconnection with open boundary conditions Daughton, William; Scudder, Jack; Karimabadi, Homa Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2218817	journal	July 2006

Similar Records

Spacecraft Observations of Oblique Electron Beams Breaking the Frozen-In Law During Asymmetric Reconnection

Journal Article · Mon Jan 29 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1595782

Egedal, J.; Le, Ari; Daughton, William; +7 more

HYBRID AND HALL-MHD SIMULATIONS OF COLLISIONLESS RECONNECTION: EFFECTS OF PLASMA PRESSURE TENSOR

Conference · Tue May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2001 · OSTI ID:1595782

YIN, L; WINSKE, D

Laboratory Verification of Electron-Scale Reconnection Regions Modulated by a Three-Dimensional Instability

Journal Article · Thu Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics · OSTI ID:1595782

Greess, S.; Egedal, J.; Stanier, A.; +9 more

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Magnetic reconnection
Space science
Physical Systems
Magnetotail

Title: Pressure Tensor Elements Breaking the Frozen-In Law During Reconnection in Earth’s Magnetotail

Citation Formats

References (34)

Similar Records

Related Subjects