Experimental evidence for superionic water ice using shock compression

Millot, Marius; Hamel, Sebastien; Rygg, J. Ryan; Celliers, Peter M.; Collins, Gilbert W.; Coppari, Federica; Fratanduono, Dayne E.; Jeanloz, Raymond; Swift, Damian C.; Eggert, Jon H.

doi:10.1038/s41567-017-0017-4

Experimental evidence for superionic water ice using shock compression

Journal Article · Mon Feb 05 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Nature Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-017-0017-4· OSTI ID:1542614

^[1]; Hamel, Sebastien ^[2]; Rygg, J. Ryan ^[3]; Celliers, Peter M. ^[2]; Collins, Gilbert W. ^[3]; Coppari, Federica ^[2]; Fratanduono, Dayne E. ^[2]; Jeanloz, Raymond ^[4]; Swift, Damian C. ^[2]; Eggert, Jon H. ^[2]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); University of California Berkeley
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Univ. of Rochester, Rochester, NY (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

In stark contrast to common ice, Ih, water ice at planetary interior conditions has been predicted to become superionic with fast- diffusing (that is, liquid-like) hydrogen ions moving within a solid lattice of oxygen. Likely to constitute a large fraction of icy giant planets, this extraordinary phase has not been observed in the laboratory. Here, we report laser-driven shock-compression experiments on water ice VII. Using time-resolved optical pyrometry and laser velocimetry measurements as well as sup- porting density functional theory–molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations, we document the shock equation of state of H₂O to unprecedented extreme conditions and unravel thermodynamic signatures showing that ice melts near 5,000 K at 190 GPa. Furthermore, optical reflectivity and absorption measurements also demonstrate the low electronic conductivity of ice, which, combined with previous measurements of the total electrical conductivity under reverberating shock compression, provides experimental evidence for superionic conduction in water ice at planetary interior conditions, verifying a 30-year-old prediction.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Contributing Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, University of Rochester

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002729

OSTI ID:: 1542614

Journal Information:: Nature Physics, Journal Name: Nature Physics Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 14; ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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