Superionic iron oxide–hydroxide in Earth’s deep mantle

Hou, Mingqiang; He, Yu; Jang, Bo Gyu; Sun, Shichuan; Zhuang, Yukai; Deng, Liwei; Tang, Ruilian; Chen, Jiuhua; Ke, Feng; Meng, Yue; Prakapenka, Vitali B.; Chen, Bin; Shim, Ji Hoon; Liu, Jin; Kim, Duck Young; Hu, Qingyang; Pickard, Chris J.; Needs, Richard J.; Mao, Ho-Kwang

doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00696-2

Superionic iron oxide–hydroxide in Earth’s deep mantle

Journal Article · Mon Mar 08 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Nature Geoscience

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00696-2· OSTI ID:1787844

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Sun, Shichuan ^[2]; Zhuang, Yukai ^[4]; Deng, Liwei ^[5]; Tang, Ruilian ^[6]; Chen, Jiuhua ^[7]; ^[8]; Meng, Yue ^[9]; ^[10]; Chen, Bin ^[4]; Shim, Ji Hoon ^[11]; ^[4]; ^[4]; ^[4]; ^[12]; ^[13]; Mao, Ho-Kwang ^[4]

Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing (China); Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang (China)
Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing (China); Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology (Korea)
Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing (China)
Shenzhen Technology Univ., Guangdong (China)
Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing (China); Changchun Univ. of Science and Technology (China)
Florida International Univ., Miami, FL (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology (Korea)
Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan)
Cavendish Lab., Cambridge (United Kingdom)

Water ice becomes a superionic phase under the high pressure and temperature conditions of deep planetary interiors of ice planets such as Neptune and Uranus, which affects interior structures and generates magnetic fields. The solid Earth, however, contains only hydrous minerals with a negligible amount of ice. Here we combine high pressure and temperature electrical conductivity experiments, Raman spectroscopy and first-principles simulations to investigate the state of hydrogen in the pyrite-type FeO₂H_x (x ≤ 1), which is a potential H-bearing phase near the core–mantle boundary. We find that when the pressure increases beyond 73 GPa at room temperature, symmetric hydroxyl bonds are softened and the H⁺ (or proton) becomes diffusive within the vicinity of its crystallographic site. Increasing temperature under pressure, the diffusivity of hydrogen is extended beyond the individual unit cell to cover the entire solid, and the electrical conductivity soars, indicating a transition to the superionic state, which is characterized by freely moving protons and a solid FeO₂ lattice. Furthermore, the highly diffusive hydrogen provides fresh transport mechanisms for charge and mass, which dictate the geophysical behaviours of electrical conductivity and magnetism, as well as geochemical processes of redox, hydrogen circulation and hydrogen isotopic mixing in Earth’s deep mantle.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Strategic Priority Research Program; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC); National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea; National Science Foundation (NSF), Directorate for Geosciences Division of Earth Sciences (GEO/EAR); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; FG02-94ER14466

OSTI ID:: 1787844

Journal Information:: Nature Geoscience, Journal Name: Nature Geoscience Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 14; ISSN 1752-0894

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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