Stability and conductivity of cation- and anion-substituted LiBH4 -based solid-state electrolytes

Yao, Zhenpeng; Kim, Soo; Michel, Kyle; Zhang, Yongsheng; Aykol, Muratahan; Wolverton, Chris

doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.2.065402

Stability and conductivity of cation- and anion-substituted LiBH4 -based solid-state electrolytes

Journal Article · Tue Jun 19 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Physical Review Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.2.065402· OSTI ID:1541391

Yao, Zhenpeng ^[1]; Kim, Soo ^[2]; Michel, Kyle ^[2]; Zhang, Yongsheng ^[2]; Aykol, Muratahan ^[2]; Wolverton, Chris ^[2]

Northwestern University, Evanston, IL (United States); DOE/OSTI
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL (United States)

The high-temperature phase of LiBH₄ (HT-LiBH₄) exhibits a promisingly high lithium ion conductivity but is unstable at room temperature. We use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the stabilization effect of halogen and alkali cation/anion substitutions on HT-LiBH₄ as well the underlying mechanism for the high lithium ion conductivity. We find that increasing the substituent concentration enhances the stabilization of HT-LiBH₄ (i.e., the DFT energy difference between the low- and high-temperature forms of substituted LiBH₄ is reduced). Cation/anion substitution also leads to a higher Li defect (vacancy, interstitial, and Frenkel) formation energy, thereby reducing the Li defect (vacancy, interstitial, and Frenkel) concentrations. Using DFT migration barriers input into kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and the Materials INTerface (MINT) framework, here we calculate the room-temperature lithium ion conductivities for Li(BH₄)_1-xI_x (x = 0.25 and 0.5) and Li_1-yK_yBH₄ (y = 0.25). Our calculations suggest that the lower I concentration leads to a higher lithium ion conductivity of 5.7 x10^-3 S/cm compared with that of Li(BH₄)_0.5I_0.5 (4.2 ×10^-5 S/cm) because of the formation of more Li-related defects. Based on our findings, we suggest that the stabilization of HT-LiBH₄-based lithium ion conductors can be controlled by carefully tuning the cation/anion substituent concentrations to maximize the lithium ionic conductivities of the specific system.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Dow Chemical Company

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-07ER46433; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1541391

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1454898

Journal Information:: Physical Review Materials, Journal Name: Physical Review Materials Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 2; ISSN 2475-9953

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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