Concept and realization of Kitaev quantum spin liquids

Takagi, Hidenori; Takayama, Tomohiro; Jackeli, George; Khaliullin, Giniyat; Nagler, Stephen E.

doi:10.1038/s42254-019-0038-2

Concept and realization of Kitaev quantum spin liquids

Journal Article · Mon Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nature Reviews Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-019-0038-2· OSTI ID:1509555

^[1]; Takayama, Tomohiro ^[2]; Jackeli, George ^[2]; Khaliullin, Giniyat ^[3]; ^[4]

Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany); Univ. of Stuttgart, Stuttgart (Germany); The Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany); Univ. of Stuttgart, Stuttgart (Germany)
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

The Kitaev model is an exactly solvable S = 1/2 spin model on a 2D honeycomb lattice, in which the spins fractionalize into Majorana fermions and form a topological quantum spin liquid (QSL) in the ground state. Several complex iridium oxides, as well as α-RuCl₃, are magnetic insulators with a honeycomb structure, and it was noticed that they accommodate essential ingredients of the Kitaev model owing to the interplay of electron correlation and spin–orbit coupling. This has led to a race to realize the Kitaev QSL and detect signatures of Majorana fermions. We summarize the theoretical background of the Kitaev QSL ground state and its realization using spin–orbital entangled J_eff = 1/2 moments. We provide an overview of candidate materials and their electronic and magnetic properties, including Na₂IrO₃, α-Li₂IrO₃, β-Li₂IrO₃, γ-Li₂IrO₃, α-RuCl₃ and H₃LiIr₂O₆. Lastly, we discuss experiments showing that H₃LiIr₂O₆ and α-RuCl₃ in an applied magnetic field exhibit signatures of the QSL state and that α-RuCl₃ has unusual magnetic excitations and thermal transport properties consistent with spin fractionalization.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1509555

Journal Information:: Nature Reviews Physics, Journal Name: Nature Reviews Physics Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 1; ISSN 2522-5820

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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