Concept and realization of Kitaev quantum spin liquids

Takagi, Hidenori; Takayama, Tomohiro; Jackeli, George; Khaliullin, Giniyat; Nagler, Stephen E.

doi:10.1038/s42254-019-0038-2

Title: Concept and realization of Kitaev quantum spin liquids

Journal Article · Mon Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nature Reviews Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-019-0038-2· OSTI ID:1509555

^[1]; Takayama, Tomohiro ^[2]; Jackeli, George ^[2]; Khaliullin, Giniyat ^[3];

^[4]

Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany); Univ. of Stuttgart, Stuttgart (Germany); The Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany); Univ. of Stuttgart, Stuttgart (Germany)
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

The Kitaev model is an exactly solvable S = 1/2 spin model on a 2D honeycomb lattice, in which the spins fractionalize into Majorana fermions and form a topological quantum spin liquid (QSL) in the ground state. Several complex iridium oxides, as well as α-RuCl₃, are magnetic insulators with a honeycomb structure, and it was noticed that they accommodate essential ingredients of the Kitaev model owing to the interplay of electron correlation and spin–orbit coupling. This has led to a race to realize the Kitaev QSL and detect signatures of Majorana fermions. We summarize the theoretical background of the Kitaev QSL ground state and its realization using spin–orbital entangled J_eff = 1/2 moments. We provide an overview of candidate materials and their electronic and magnetic properties, including Na₂IrO₃, α-Li₂IrO₃, β-Li₂IrO₃, γ-Li₂IrO₃, α-RuCl₃ and H₃LiIr₂O₆. Lastly, we discuss experiments showing that H₃LiIr₂O₆ and α-RuCl₃ in an applied magnetic field exhibit signatures of the QSL state and that α-RuCl₃ has unusual magnetic excitations and thermal transport properties consistent with spin fractionalization.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1509555

Journal Information:: Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 4; ISSN 2522-5820

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Impact of disorder on dynamics and ordering in the honeycomb-lattice iridate ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$ Sarkar, R.; Mei, Z.; Ruiz, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.101.081101	journal	February 2020
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Electronic Properties of $α − {RuCl}_{3}$ in Proximity to Graphene Biswas, Sananda; Li, Ying; Winter, Stephen M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.123.237201	journal	December 2019
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Nonequilibrium Majorana dynamics by quenching a magnetic field in Kitaev spin liquids Nasu, Joji; Motome, Yukitoshi Physical Review Research, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.1.033007	journal	October 2019
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Magnetic field induced competing phases in spin-orbital entangled Kitaev magnets Chern, Li Ern; Kaneko, Ryui; Lee, Hyun-Yong Physical Review Research, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013014	journal	January 2020
Unconventional magnetic field response of the hyperhoneycomb Kitaev magnet $β - {Li}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$ Li, Mengqun; Rousochatzakis, Ioannis; Perkins, Natalia B. Physical Review Research, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013065	journal	January 2020
Pressure-Tuned Interactions in Frustrated Magnets: Pathway to Quantum Spin Liquids? Biesner, Tobias; Uykur, Ece Crystals, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10010004	journal	December 2019
Dynamical and thermal magnetic properties of the Kitaev spin liquid candidate α-RuCl3 Laurell, Pontus; Okamoto, Satoshi npj Quantum Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-019-0203-y	journal	January 2020
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Crystal field splitting, local anisotropy, and low-energy excitations in the quantum magnet ${YbCl}_{3}$ Sala, G.; Stone, M. B.; Rai, Binod K. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.180406	journal	November 2019
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