α-Particle Detection and Charge Transport Characteristics in the A3M2I9 Defect Perovskites (A = Cs, Rb; M = Bi, Sb)

McCall, Kyle M.; Liu, Zhifu; Trimarchi, Giancarlo; Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Lin, Wenwen; He, Yihui; Hadar, Ido; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.; Wessels, Bruce W.

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00813

α-Particle Detection and Charge Transport Characteristics in the A₃M₂I₉ Defect Perovskites (A = Cs, Rb; M = Bi, Sb)

Journal Article · Wed Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · ACS Photonics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00813· OSTI ID:1494818

^[1]; Liu, Zhifu ^[2]; Trimarchi, Giancarlo ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[2]

Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Chemistry, and Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Northwestern University
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Chemistry

Here, we have investigated the defect perovskites A₃M₂I₉ (A = Cs, Rb; M = Bi, Sb) as materials for radiation detection. The phase purity of Bridgman-grown A₃M₂I₉ single crystals was confirmed via high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction, while density functional theory calculations (DFT) show surprisingly dispersive bands in the out-of-plane direction for these layered materials, with low effective masses for both holes and electrons. Accordingly, each of the four A₃M₂I₉ defect perovskites showed response to ²⁴¹Am α-particle irradiation for hole and electron electrode configurations, a remarkable ambipolar response that resembles the 3D halide perovskites. The electron response spectra were used to estimate the mobility–lifetime product (μτ)_e for electrons in these materials, with Rb₃Bi₂I₉ showing the lowest (μτ)_e value of 1.7 × 10^–6 cm² V^–1 and Cs₃Bi₂I₉ the highest (μτ)_e of 5.4 × 10^–5 cm² V^–1. The rise time of the α-particle-generated pulse was used to estimate the electron mobility μ_e of the A₃M₂I₉ defect perovskites, which ranged from 0.32 cm² V^–1s–1 for Rb₃Sb₂I₉ to 4.3 cm² V^–1s^–1 in Cs₃Bi₂I₉. Similar analysis of the hole response spectra yielded (μτ)_h values for each A₃M₂I₉ compound, with Cs₃Bi₂I₉ again showing the highest (μτ)_h value of 1.8 × 10^–5 cm² V^–1, while Rb₃Bi₂I₉ showed the lowest (μτ)_h with 2.0 × 10^–6 cm₂ V^–1. Rise time analysis gave hole mobilities ranging from 1.7 cm² V^–1 s^–1 for Cs₃Bi₂I₉ to 0.14 cm² V^–1 s^–1 for Cs₃Sb₂I₉. Comparing the experimental electron and hole mobilities to the effective masses obtained from DFT calculations revealed sizable discrepancies, possibly indicating self-trapping of charge carriers due to electron–phonon interactions. The α-particle response of the A₃M₂I₉ defect perovskites demonstrates their potential as semiconductor radiation detectors, with Cs₃Bi₂I₉ and Cs₃Sb₂I₉ showing the most promise.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002522

OSTI ID:: 1494818

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1476102

Journal Information:: ACS Photonics, Journal Name: ACS Photonics Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 5; ISSN 2330-4022

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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semiconductor detector